环境控制方法在日本石质文物保护的应用研究 ——以装饰古坟与摩崖造像的保护措施为例  

Research on the Application of Environmental Control Methods on Conservation of Stone Cultural Heritage in Japan——Examples of Conservation Methods for Decorated Ancient Tombs and Cliff Statues

作　　者：杜之岩 高妻洋成 王金华 DU Zhiyan;KOHDZUMA Yohsei;WANG Jinhua(Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Cultural Heritage Disaster Risk Management Center,Nara 6308577,Japan)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系,上海200433 [2]文化财防灾中心,日本奈良6308577

出　　处：《自然与文化遗产研究》2023年第5期42-48,共7页Study on Natural and Cultural Heritage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC1523400);重庆市自然科学资金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0903);山西省文物局文物保护科技项目(208141400237)。

摘　　要：日本石质文物科学保护起步较早,但随着时间的推移,部分早期保护、修复、处理过的石质文物又出现了凝结水、可溶盐析出严重等新的问题。对此,日本科研工作者提出了在阐明石质文物病害成因基础上,通过控制其保存环境,以延缓、抑制病害发生,并取得了一定的成果与经验。其中,文章所介绍的日田市Garandoya古坟保护设施设计与大分市元町石佛保护建筑改造,是具有代表性且取得良好效果的研究案例,其相关研究成果与经验可为我国石质文物预防性保护研究工作提供有价值的参考。The scientific conservation of stone cultural heritage in Japan started relatively early.As time went on,some of the stone cultural heritage which have been conserved,repaired,and treated in the early stage developed new problems,such as condensation water and precipitation of soluble salts.To solve these problems,Japanese researchers proposed that based on determination of the deterioration mechanism of stone cultural heritage,the deterioration could be slowed down and inhibited by controlling their preservation environment,and have achieved certain progresses and experiences.Amongst which,the design of protection facility for the decorated ancient tombs in Hita City,and improvement of the shelter for the buddha statue carved onto a cliff at Motomachi in Oita City,as introduced in this article,are representative research cases that have achieved positive results.Such relevant research results and experiences can provide valuable references for preventive conservation research of stone cultural heritages in our country.

关 键 词：石质文物 环境控制 劣化机理 预防性保护 

分 类 号：K85[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]