某锻造铝合金2A50送风机叶片频繁断裂分析  

Analysis of frequent fractures of a forged aluminum alloy 2A50 forced draft fan blades

作　　者：黄一君 俞昌宸 李望 赵宁宁 楼玉民 楼捷[3] HUANG Yijun;YU Changchen;LI Wang;ZHAO Ningning;LOU Yumin;LOU Jie(Zhejiang Zheneng Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311121,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation&Pollutant Control Technology for Thermal Power,Hangzhou 311121,China;Zhejiang Zheneng Zhenhai Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315299,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司,浙江杭州311121 [2]浙江省火力发电高效节能与污染物控制技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州311121 [3]浙江浙能镇海发电有限责任公司,浙江宁波315299

出　　处：《能源工程》2023年第5期98-103,共6页Energy Engineering

摘　　要：为解决某电厂送风机中的新型锻铝2A50材质动叶片在投运后短期内频繁出现断裂的问题,从制造、安装、运行阶段入手,通过现场检查、监测运行数据、化学成分分析、硬度测试、室温拉伸试验、显微组织及断口形貌观察等手段,对叶片断裂原因进行了综合分析。结果表明:叶片断口整体呈现疲劳断裂特征,本身的抗疲劳强度不足是造成叶片断裂的主要原因;叶片化学成分、硬度、力学性能均能满足要求,但叶片边缘存在晶间裂纹和凹坑等缺陷;叶片在表面缺陷处过早地形成疲劳裂纹源,加之进气边被冲刷减薄,导致叶片断裂失效。The forced draft fans in a certain power station suffered frequent failures in a new type of forged 2A50 aluminum alloy rotor blades shortly after being put into operation.In order to solve this problem,in aspects of manufacturing,installation and operation,the causes of blade ruptures were comprehensively analyzed by means of on-site inspection,operation data monitoring,analyses of chemical composition,hardness,tensile properties at room temperature,microstructure and fracture morphology.The results show that the fracture morphology of blades show fatigue fracture characteristics as a whole,inadequate fatigue strength is the main reason for blade fractures.Besides,the chemical composition,hardness and mechanical properties of blades can meet operation requirements,but there are intergranular cracks and pits on the blade edge.The origin of fatigue cracks are formed prematurely with defects at the surface of blades,and the leading edges are washed and thinned,resulting in blade fractures and failures.

关 键 词：锅炉送风机 2A50锻铝 晶间裂纹 疲劳断裂 失效分析 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]