西藏那曲适宜建植人工草地的牧草筛选研究  

Study on Screening the Suitable Forage Grass for Artificial Grass Establishment in Nagqu,Xizang

作　　者：陈美镕 聂晓伟 张学民 王宗松 宋赵有 阿旺 王奇 汪诗平[1] 李耀明[3] 斯确多吉[1] 张林[1] 严俊 周华坤[6] 石培礼[7] 姜丽丽[1] CHEN Mei-rong;NIEXiao-wei;ZHANG Xue-min;WANG Zong-song;SONG Zhao-you;A Wang;WANG Qi;WANG Shi-ping;LI Yao-ming;DOR JITsechoe;ZHANG Lin;YAN Jun;ZHOU Hua-kun;SHI Pei-li;JIANG Li-li(State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources and Environment(TPESRE),Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy Science,Beijing 100049,China;School of Grassland Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100091,China;Miaoyingling Carbon Information Technology(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China;Nagqu Agriculture and Animal Husbandry(grassland)Science and technology research and extension center,Nagqu,Xizang Autonomous Region 852000,China;Key Laboratory of Cold Region Restoration Ecology,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,Qinghai Province 810008,China;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统科学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]北京林业大学草业与草原学院,北京100091 [4]妙盈灵碳信息科技(北京)有限公司,北京100020 [5]那曲市农牧业(草业)科技研究推广中心,西藏那曲852000 [6]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [7]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第10期2897-2904,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：那曲市色尼区科技计划项目;第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0302);西藏自治区中央引导地方项目(XZ202202YD0028C);西藏自治区自然科学基金(XZ202301ZR0027G)资助。

摘　　要：为回答那曲地区能否建植人工草地及哪些牧草适宜在那曲地区建植人工草地的问题,本试验选择抗寒抗旱的牧草开展引种筛选试验。通过收获的牧草产量与那曲天然草地及中国四大草原区其他人工草地产量的对比评估,可知试验收获的牧草产量成倍高于那曲天然草地的产量,且试验区人工草地的平均产量不低于中国其他草原区人工草地的产量,结果表明,在充足的水肥管理条件下那曲地区可建植高产人工草地。同时,适种牧草的筛选基于播种当年不同牧草的出苗与生长情况以及次年多年生牧草的出苗情况(即越冬能力)展开,结果显示燕麦(Avena sativa)、绿麦草(Triticum secale)、芜菁(Brassica rapa)和饲用油菜(Brassica napus)适宜在那曲地区建植一年生人工草地;成功越冬的老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)和垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)可作为多年生人工草地的筛选品种,但其后续是否稳产仍待研究。In order to investigate whether artificial grassland can be established in Nagqu area and what kind of forage species is suitable for planting,this experiment selected the cold and drought-resistant forage species to carry out an introduction and screening test artificial grassland in the area.Through the comparison and evaluation of the harvested forage yield with the yield of natural grassland in Nagqu and other artificial grassland in the four major grassland areas in China,it can be seen that the yield of the harvested forage in the experiment is exponentially higher than that of the natural grassland in Nagqu,and the average yield of the artificial grassland in the experimental area is not lower than that of the artificial grasslands in the other grassland areas in China,which indicate that high yielding artificial grassland can be established in Nagqu region under adequate water and fertiliser management conditions.At the same time,the screening of suitable pasture species was carried out based on the seedling emergence and growth of different pasture species in the year of sowing and the seedling emergence of perennial pasture species in the following year(i.e.overwintering ability).The results showed that Avena sativa,Triticum secale,Brassica rapa and Brassica napus were suitable for planting in the Nagqu area.Elymus sibiricus and Elymus nutans,which were able to overwinter successfully,can be used as screening species for perennial grassland,but their stability in the second and subsequent years after overwintering remains to be studied.

关 键 词：那曲地区 草种筛选 牧草产量 越冬能力 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]