施氮量对全株大麦生产性能及青贮品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application rate on Production Performance and Silage Quality of Whole Plant Barley

作　　者：包文龙 郑成忠 张腾薇 云颖 韩云鹏 刘志萍 巴图 徐广祥 王凤梧 孙娟娟[1] BAO Wen-long;ZHENG Cheng-zhong;ZHANG Teng-wei;YUN Ying;HAN Yun-peng;LIU Zhi-ping;BA Tu;XU Guang-xiang;WANG Feng-wu;SUN Juan-juan(Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Inner Mongolia Academy of Grassland and Grassland,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Ulanqab City Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Ulanqab,Inner Mongolia 012000,China;Ulanqab Science and Technology Development Center,Ulanqab,Inner Mongolia 012001,China;Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Bayannur Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Linhe,Inner Mongolia 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所/内蒙古草业与草原研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]乌兰察布市农林科学研究所,内蒙古乌兰察布012000 [3]乌兰察布市科学技术事业发展中心,内蒙古乌兰察布012001 [4]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [5]内蒙古巴彦淖尔市农牧科学院,内蒙古临河015000

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第10期3167-3173,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目优质大麦青贮调制技术研发与应用(2021GG0068);优质、丰产饲草大麦新品种选育及应用(2020GG0059)资助。

摘　　要：为研究施氮量对大麦(Hordeum vulagare L.)生产性能及全株大麦青贮发酵品质和营养价值的影响,本研究以‘内农科饲用大麦2号’为试验材料,采用随机区组试验设计,设置施氮量为135 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(135))、180 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(180))、225 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(225))三个处理,每个处理设置3次重复,于大麦乳熟期后进行生产性能测定并调制青贮饲料,青贮45 d后开封检测青贮品质。结果表明:随着施氮量的增加,大麦全生育期延长,N_(225)处理进入成熟期的时间比N_(135)处理延后了10天;N_(225)处理显著增加大麦的分蘖数和有效穗数;随施氮量增加,刚刈割全株大麦原料的干物质含量显著增加(P<0.05),酸性洗涤纤维的含量显著减少(P<0.05);三个施氮处理对全株大麦青贮饲料pH值、乳酸和氨态氮含量均无显著影响,Kaiser评价均为1级。综合分析,全株大麦青贮原料生产没有必要增加施肥来提升栽培成本。The experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen application rate on barley production performance,fermentation quality and nutritional value of its whole-plant silage.‘Neinongke’forage barley No.2 was used as the experimental material,and a randomized block design was used to set the nitrogen application rates of 135 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(135)),180 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(180)),and 225 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(225)).The production performance was measured and the silage was prepared after the barley milk ripening period.The silage quality was tested after 45 days since ensiling.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the whole growth period of barley was prolonged,and the time of entering maturity stage of the barley under N_(225)treatment was 10 days later than that under N_(135)treatment.N_(225)treatment significantly increased the number of tillers and the number of effective panicles of barley.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the dry matter content of fresh-cut whole-plant barley increased significantly(P<0.05),and the content of acid detergent fiber decreased significantly(P<0.05).Three treatments of nitrogen application did not significantly affect the pH value,lactic acid content and ammonia nitrogen content of the whole plant barley silage,and Kaiser rating of the silage was level 1.Based on the comprehensive analysis,the nitrogen fertilizer application rate of 180~225 kg·hm^(-2)was suitable for barley silage production under dry farming conditions.

关 键 词：施氮量 全株大麦 生产性能 青贮发酵品质 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]