论婚姻无效的法律效果  

On the Legal Effect of Invalid Marriage

作　　者：冉克平[1] RAN Keping(School of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《现代法学》2023年第5期73-89,共17页Modern Law Science

摘　　要：家事法中当事人的意思自治、家庭共同体以及社会公共利益三方面的复杂维度构成的价值秩序决定了无效婚姻与可撤销婚姻法律后果的特殊性质。无效婚姻转换为有效婚姻不仅包括当事人已达到法定婚龄的情形,还包括拟制血亲关系解除后,不具有自然血亲关系的平辈兄弟(堂、表)姐妹之间缔结婚姻关系,以及前婚已经消灭,后婚转换为有效婚姻的情形。在婚姻无效或者被撤销的情况下,无过失方请求过失方承担损害赔偿的请求权基础包括侵权责任与缔约过失责任两方面。婚姻被宣告无效或者被撤销后当事人的财产关系原则上属于共同共有,这与离婚的法律后果极为相似。对于婚姻被宣告无效或者被撤销之前当事人一方以夫妻名义对外负债的情形,应当在外观主义下参照适用《民法典》第1064条关于夫妻共同债务的规范。The value order composed of the autonomy of the parties,the family community and the social public interest in family law determines the special nature of the legal consequences of invalid marriage and revocable marriage.The conversion of an invalid marriage into a valid marriage not only includes the situation that has reached the legal age of marriage,but also includes the marriage relationship between siblings(cousins)who do not have a natural blood relationship after the dissolution of the fictitious blood relationship,and the situation where the former marriage has been eliminated and the subsequent marriage has been converted into a valid marriage.In the case of invalid or revocable of marriage,the basis of the right of non-faulted party to claim damages to the faulted party includes two aspects:tortious liability and contractual negligence liability.The property relationship between the parties after the marriage is declared invalid or revoked is in principle joint ownership,indicating that the legal consequences of marriage revocation are very similar to divorce.Before the marriage is declared invalid or revoked,one of the parties in the name of the husband and wife to the external debt,should be applied under the appearance of the Article 1064 in Civil Code on the norms of joint debt between husband and wife.

关 键 词：无效婚姻 可撤销婚姻 人身关系 无过错方 财产关系 外观主义 

分 类 号：DF551[政治法律—民商法学]