信息化管理生态补偿机制在广东省农业面源污染治理中的实践与成效  

Practice and Effect of Information Management Ecological Compensation Mechanism in Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control in Guangdong Province

作　　者：杨祁云[1] 孙大元[1] 刘平平 张景欣[1] 蒲小明[1] 沈会芳[1] 胡学应 林壁润[1] YANG Qiyun;SUN Dayuan;LIU Pingping;ZHANG Jingxin;PU Xiaoming;SHEN Huifang;HU Xueying;LIN Birun(Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Plant Protection Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou Guangdong 510640,China;Agricultural Environment and Cultivated Land Quality Protection Center of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou Guangdong 510500,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农业环境与耕地质量保护中心,广东广州510500

出　　处：《生态经济》2023年第11期170-177,共8页Ecological Economy

基　　金：世界银行贷款广东农业面源污染治理项目(P127775);广东省现代农业产业共性关键技术研发绿色发展创新团队建设项目(2022KJ112;2023KJ112);广东省花生大豆产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2023KJ136)。

摘　　要：针对以往生态补偿机制在农业面源污染治理实践过程中遇到的补贴目标不明确、监管不足和挤占挪用等难题,世界银行贷款广东农业面源污染治理项目建立了信息化管理生态补偿机制。该机制2014—2020年在广东省的27个县推行实践,53.47万户农户参加,实施面积达34.02万公顷,发放补贴金额达16406.57万元。结果表明:(1)项目实现补贴精准发放;(2)有效引导农户形成良好的种植习惯;(3)该机制协调项目各管理部门共同参与和监管补贴流程;(4)项目区化肥和农药使用量比项目实施前分别减少30.6%和30.9%,有效控制农业污染源头;(5)该机制可复制、可推广,目前在广东省财政支持下继续在省内推广应用。该项目的实践成效可为完善我国生态补偿机制及推动现代农业可持续发展提供有益的借鉴。In view of the problems encountered in the implementation of the ecological compensation mechanism in agricultural non-point source pollution,such as insufficient supervision,unclear subsidy targets,false claims and misappropriation,etc.,the World Bank Loan Guangdong Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control Project innovatively established an information management system for ecological compensation.The model has been implemented in 27 cities in Guangdong Province,with 534700 farmers participating,an area of 340200 hectares,and a subsidy of 164065700 yuan.The results show that:(1)The project achieves precise subsidy;(2)It effectively guide farmers to form good planting habits;(3)The system enabled project involved government participating and supervising the purchase process by farmers;(4)The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the project area is reduced by 30.6%and 30.9%respectively compared with that before the implementation of the project,which effectively control pollution from source;(5)A replicable and popularized information management ecological compensation mechanism has been formed,and the mechanism is currently being promoted and financially supported in Guangdong Province.Therefore,the project provides a useful reference for improving our country’ecological compensation mechanism and promoting the sustainable development of modern agriculture.

关 键 词：信息化管理 生态补偿机制 种植业 面源污染治理 应用成效 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X71