列车转向架传感器无线组网仿真研究  

A Study on Wireless Networking Simulation of Train Bogie Sensors

作　　者：冯东 冯叶 FENG Dong;FENG Ye(CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《控制与信息技术》2023年第5期106-112,共7页CONTROL AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3203200)。

摘　　要：列车转向架状态监测系统是列车整车健康监测的关键,每个转向架部署有轴温监测、失稳检测、振动冲击监测等几十个传感器,使得转向架整体布线复杂、维护困难。文章采用ZigBee无线通信技术和簇状组网方式为每个转向架系统构成一个无线传感网络,可以大大减少部署的时间与成本,且运维检修更加方便。文章利用网络仿真工具NS2构建了基于IEEE802.15.4标准及自组织按需距离向量(Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector,AODV)路由协议的列车转向架无线传感器网络模型;同时,为了降低丢包率和端到端通信时延,基于路由超时机制、RREQ生存周期和RREQ传播方向对AODV协议进行了改进。仿真结果表明,改进后的AODV协议在通信中断重新建立时间缩短了32%、丢包率和端到端通信时延均下降了50%以上,这证明文章所设计的无线传感器组网方案可以满足列车转向架传感器的数据传输要求。The status monitoring system of train bogie is key to the overall health monitoring of a train.Typically dozens of sensors,like axle temperature monitoring,instability detection,vibration impact monitoring,etc.,are deployed on each bogie,making the overall bogie wiring complex and maintenance challenging.In this paper,the ZigBee wireless communication technology and a cluster-based networking approach are employed to form a wireless sensor network for each bogie system.This significantly reduces the deployment time and cost and makes operation and maintenance more convenient.By utilizing network simulation tool NS2,a train bogie wireless sensor network model based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard and the Ad Hoc on-demand distance vector(AODV)routing protocol was built.To mitigate packet loss rate and decrease end-to-end communication delay,modifications to the AODV protocol were undertaken based on the route timeout mechanism,the lifecycle of route request(RREQ),and the direction of RREQ propagation.Simulation results illustrate that,following the improvements,the AODV protocol reduces by 32%the time to reestablish communication after interruption.Simultaneously,packet loss rate and end-to-end communication delay are both reduced by over 50%.These results demonstrate that the wireless sensor network design proposed in this paper can satisfy the data transmission requirements of train bogie sensors.

关 键 词：列车转向架 无线传感器 网络仿真 AODV路由协议 

分 类 号：U285.22[交通运输工程—交通信息工程及控制]