Refrigeration technologies of cryogenic chips  

作　　者：Haonan Chang Jun Zhang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures,Institute of Semicon-ductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,China [2]Center of Mate-rials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

出　　处：《Chip》2023年第3期41-52,共12页芯片（英文）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China (12074371);CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team,Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB28000000).

摘　　要：Cryogenic electronics refers to the devices and circuits operated at cryogenic temperatures(below 123.15 K),which are made from a variety of materials such as insulators,conductors,semiconductors,superconductors and topological materials.The cryogenic electronics are endowed with some unique advantages that cannot be realized in room temperature,including high computing speed,high power performance and so on.Choosing the appropriate refrigeration tech-nology is critical for achieving the best performance of the cryogenic electronics.In this review,the cryogenic technology was divided into non-optical refrigeration and optical refrigeration,where non-optical refrigeration technologies are relatively conventional refrigeration technologies,while optical refrigeration is an emerging research field for the cooling of the chips.In the current work,the fundamental principles,applications and development prospects of the non-optical refrigeration was introduced,also the research history,fundamental principles,existing problems and application prospects of the optical refrigeration was thoroughly reviewed.

关 键 词：Cryogenic chips Refrigeration technologies Optical refrig-eration 

分 类 号：TN4[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]