紧急状态制度之法理解析  

A Jurisprudential Analysis of the Public Emergency Regime

作　　者：赵轩 Zhao Xuan

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学法学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2023年第4期5-19,共15页HUXIANG LAW REVIEW

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目:国家紧急状态时期人权克减的标准与程序研究(21YJC820053)。

摘　　要：法治话语中的“紧急状态”概念,在描述人类生存之危急境况的同时,也表达了紧急状态制度的规范性真理,其内涵在紧急状态制度的演进历程中积淀为一个“意义家族”。从罗马共和国的独裁官制度到近代的戒严法,再到现代的紧急状态制度,都表明了因国家面临严重的生存危机而导致常规法律被悬置的事实。法治理论将紧急状态制度纳入法治秩序之中予以评估,深刻地揭示了紧急状态内在地与法律秩序关联的规范意义。国际法强调对国家主权和人权的双重保护原则,展示了紧急状态下国家与个体之间基于生命规范本应享有的人权逻辑。生命规范是包括紧急状态制度在内的有关社会规范得以创立和运行的规范依据。In the rule of the law discourse,the concept of“the Public Emergency”reflects the normative reality of the public emergency regime while also describing the precarious condition of human existence.Its connotations have gathered into a“family of meanings”over the course of the evolution of the public emergency regime.From the institution of the dictator in the Roman Republic to martial law in modern times,then to the modern public emergency regime,it is indicative of the fact that states of emergency have resulted in the suspension of conventional law due to a serious existential crisis faced by the State.The insights into the normative importance of public emergency as inextricably related to the legal system are provided by rule of law theories that evaluate the establishment of public emergency within the rule of law order.The principle of international law,which emphasizes the dual protection of State sovereignty and human rights,demonstrates the logic of human rights that should have been enjoyed between the State and the individual based on the norms of life during the public emergency.Vital norms are the normative basis on which relevant social norms,including public emergency regimes,are formed and implemented.

关 键 词：紧急状态 国家主权 人权 生命规范 

分 类 号：D901[政治法律—法学理论]