硝基苯废水处理技术研究进展  

Research progress in wastewater treatment containing nitro-benzenecontainment

作　　者：张笑然 ZHANG Xiaoran(China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Coal Based Carbon Materials,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京100013 [3]煤基节能环保炭材料北京市重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2023年第5期36-42,50,共8页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：煤炭科学技术研究院科技发展基金项目技术创新基金资助项目(2023CX-I-02)。

摘　　要：2,6-萘二甲酸是合成聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)的重要单体,可由煤焦油中2-甲基萘经酰化、氧化反应合成,但在该反应猝灭阶段易产生大量酸性含硝基苯的酰化废水,而含硝基苯的酰化废水具有强酸性、高硝基苯毒性、高盐的特点,易使微生物失去活性,因而需对硝基苯酰化废水进行相应的技术处理。阐述国内外硝基苯废水处理技术的进展,并比较不同工艺处理所需条件及处理效果,论述各种工艺优缺点,以期构建更经济高效的硝基苯酰化废水处理工艺。物理法可以实现快速分离且处理量大,但存在无法完全降解硝基苯类有机物的问题,适合作为预处理技术提高废水可生化性;化学法具有处理效率快以及效果明显的优点,但同时也存在药剂成本高以及二次污染的风险;生物处理含硝基苯废水成本低廉,不会对环境造成二次污染,是较为理想的处理方法,但高浓度硝基苯会使微生物失活。传统处理含硝基苯废水的方法包括物理汽提法、萃取法、吸附法、化学氧化法等,但单一方法很难将高浓度硝基苯完全降解;可采用汽提法等方法对酸性高浓度含硝基苯废水进行预处理,有效降低废水中有机污染物并有助于回收废水中的铝资源。多种方法耦合仍是硝基苯未来研究的重点方向,物理法与化学方法作为预处理可极大提高废水的可生化性,耦合生物法进一步降解硝基苯废水,高效整合不同处理方法兼具经济性与环境的优势。2,6-naphthalene dicharboxylic acid is an important monomer for the synthesis of polyethylene glycol naphthalate(PEN),which can be synthesized from 2-methylnaphthalene in coal tar by acylation and oxidation reaction.However,in the quenching stage of this reaction,a large amount of acidic nitrobenzene-containing acylation wastewater is easily produced,and the wastewater is characterized by strong acidity,high toxicity and high salinity,which is easily causing microorganisms inactivation.Therefore,it is necessary to carry on the corresponding technical treatment of nitrobenzene-containing wastewater.This paper elaborates the different treatment technologies of nitrobenzene-contaning wastewater at home and abroad,compares the removing effects conditions and treatment effects of different processes,and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each process,in order to constructing a more economical and efficient nitrobenzen-containing wastewater treatment process.Physical method can realize rapid separation and large treatment capacity,however,nitrobenzene organics cannot be completely degraded.It is suitable as a pretreatment technology to improve the biodegradability of wastewater.Chemical method has the advantages of fast treatment efficiency and obvious effect,but it also has disadvantage of expensive material cost and secondary pollution problem.Biological treatment is the most ideal treatment method with low cost and no secondary pollution to the environment,but high concentration of nitrobenzene will inactivate microorganisms.The traditional treatment methods of nitrobenzene wastewater include stripping,extraction physical,adsorption,chemical oxidation,etc.,but it is difficult to completely degrade the high concentration of nitrobenzene by a single method.It can be used to pretreat the acidic wastewater by stripping process or other methods,which can effectively reduce organic pollutants and contribute to recover aluminum resources in wastewater.On this basis,the multi-method coupling is still the key direc

关 键 词：硝基苯废水 物理法 化学法 生物法 预处理技术 整合方法 可生化性处理技术 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]