聚能金属射流在光面爆破切缝中的应用与研究  

Application and Research of Shaped Charge Metal Jet in Smooth Blasting Slit

作　　者：潘佩邦 池恩安[1,2,3] PAN Peibang;CHI En an(School of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550000,China;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Non-Metal Mineral Resources in Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550000,China;Poly Xinlian Blasting Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550000 [2]贵州省非金属矿产资源综合利用重点实验室,贵州贵阳550000 [3]保利新联爆破工程集团有限公司,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《矿业工程研究》2023年第3期24-30,共7页Mineral Engineering Research

摘　　要：影响光面爆破效果的因素较多,为优化光爆技术方法、改善光爆效果,通过对混凝土模块的爆破试验探究聚能金属射流在围岩中的爆破切缝效果.以半孔率、切面平整度、残留半孔完整性、振动数据、爆后石渣量及其粒径等因素作为衡量标准,对聚能金属射流与高压气楔共同作用定向切缝技术进行初步研究.对比3组爆破切缝效果发现:有聚能金属罩连续装药结构的炮孔光爆效果最好,石渣少、振动小、光爆面平整、残留半孔均匀,半孔率比普通光爆孔提高30%,说明聚能金属射流炮孔中炸药能量定向释放,粉碎区范围小,能量利用率更高,在实际施工中更有利于对预留围岩的保护.同时印证了金属射流与气楔共同作用定向切缝的理论分析,为实际施工中优化光爆技术提供可行性依据.There are many factors that affect the smooth blasting effect.In order to optimize the light blasting technology and improve the light blasting effect,the blasting slit effect of shaped metal jet in surrounding rock is investigated through the blasting test of concrete module.The factors such as half-porosity,flatness of section,integrity of residual half-porosity,vibration data,amount of stone slag after blasting and its particle size are taken as measuring standards.The joint action of shaped metal jet and high pressure gas wedge directed slit technology is preliminarily studied,and the results of 3 groups of blasting slit cutting are compared.The gun hole with shaped metal cover continuous charge structure has the best optical detonation effect,with less stone slag,low vibration,flat surface of light explosion and uniform residual half-hole,and the half-hole rate is 30%higher than that of ordinary light explosion hole,indicating that the explosive energy in shaped metal jet gun hole is released in a directional way,the crushing area is small,and the energy utilization rate is higher,which is more conducive to the protection of reserved surrounding rock in actual construction.At the same time,it proves the theoretical analysis of directional slit cutting of metal jet and air wedge,which provides the feasibility basis for optimizing the optical explosion technology in actual construction.

关 键 词：聚能爆破 光面爆破 金属射流 聚能穴 高压气楔 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]