我国喜马拉雅旱獭鼠与南方家鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌遗传特征研究  

Genetic study of Yersinia pestis strains isolated from the Himalayan marmot natural focus area and domestic rat plague focus area in southern China

作　　者：李胜[1] 靳娟[1] 何建[1] 辛有全[1] 柏吉祥[1] 张琪[1] 赵海红[1] 张晓璐 杨晓艳[1] 代瑞霞[1] LI Sheng;JIN Juan;HE Jian;XIN Youquan;BAI Jixiang;ZHANG Qi;ZHAO Haihong;ZHANG Xiaolu;YANG Xiaoyan;DAI Ruixia(Qinghai Institute for Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control,Key Laboratory for Plague Prevention and Control of Qinghai Province,Xining,Qinhai 810021,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所,鼠疫菌专业实验室,青海西宁810021

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2023年第9期916-921,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81660349)。

摘　　要：目的 了解喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地与南方家鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌表型及其遗传特征,为掌握两块鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌病原学特征提供参考依据。方法 选取我国喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地和南方家鼠鼠疫疫源地内分离的412株鼠疫菌,对其进行糖醇酵解实验、毒力因子鉴定、DFR分型和CRISPR分型研究。结果 两块鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌生化型呈明显的地区性分布特征,喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌被分为5个生化型;南方家鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌生化特性较为稳定,只有1个生化型。两块疫源地分离的鼠疫菌绝大多数能产生毒力因子Fl和PstI,其中喜马拉雅旱獭疫源地70.53%(201/285)菌株为VW阳性,Pgm阳性菌株占75.09%(214/285),Pgm阴性菌株占20.00%(57/285),Pgm混合型菌株占5.26%(15/285);南方家鼠鼠疫疫源地37.80%(48/127)菌株为VW阳性,Pgm阳性菌株占29.13%(37/127),Pgm阴性菌株占58.27%(74/127),Pgm混合型菌株占12.60%(16/127)。DFR分型发现喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌包括22种基因型,其主要基因型为5、7、8、10、19、32、49型;家鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌DFR基因分型相同,均属于9型。CRISPR分型发现,喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地所有菌株分为7个CRISPR基因簇14个CRISPR基因型,主要基因型为G7、G22、G26-a1’、G22-a1’;家鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌CRISPR基因型均为G30型,其基因簇为Ca8。结论 喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌表型和基因型多样,地理分布特征明显;南方家鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠疫菌表型和基因型单一,因此采用DFR、CRISPR基因分型方法结合表型特征可有效地鉴别两块疫源地鼠疫菌和满足鉴定溯源研究的需求。Objective To understand the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Yersinia pestis strains isolated from Himalayan marmot natural focus area and domestic rat plague focus area in southern China,and provide reference for mastering the pathogenic characteristics of Yersinia pestis of two plague foci.Methods A total of 412 of Yersinia pestis strains isolated from Himalayan marmot plague focus and domestic rat plague focus of southern China were subjected to to sorbitol fermentation assays,virulence factor,different region(DFR)typing,and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)typing.Results The biochemical types of Y.pestis from the two plague foci showed distinct regional distribution features.Five biochemical phenotypes were identified in Yersinia pestis isolated from Himalayan marmot natural focus area,while only one biochemical phenotype was identified in strains isolated from the domestic rat plague focus of Southern China.Most of the Yersinia pestis isolated from the two plague foci were capable of producing the virulence factors of Fl and PstI.Among the strains from Himalayan marmot focus,70.53%(201/285)were VW-positive,75.09%(214/285)were Pgm-positive,20.00%(57/285)of the strains were Pgm-negative,and 5.26%(15/285)were Pgm mixed-type strains.Among strains from domestic rat plague focus of southern China,37.80%(48/127)were VW-positive,29.13%(37/127)were Pgm-positive,58.27%(74/127)were Pgm-negative,and 12.60%(16/127)were Pgm mixed-type strains.DFR typing revealed 22 genotypes of Y.pestis from the Himalayan marmot plague focus,with the main genotypes being type 5,7,8,10,19,32 and 49.All strains from domestic rat plague focus area in southern China belonged to type 9.CRISPR typing revealed that all strains from the Himalayan marmot natural focus were classified into 7 CRISPR gene clusters and 14 CRISPR genotypes,with the main genotypes being G7,G22,G26-a1′and G22-A1′.All strains from domestic rat plague focus area in southern China belonged to CRISPR genotype G30,with the gene cluster b

关 键 词：鼠疫 喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地 南方家鼠鼠疫疫源地 鼠疫菌 遗传特征 

分 类 号：R378.61[医药卫生—病原生物学]