不同程度霉变饲料对肉兔肾脏功能的影响  

Effect of naturally moldy feed on kidney function damage in meat rabbits

作　　者：窦萌萌 张璐 王新芳 张迪 包永占[1] 陈宝江[3] 史万玉[1] DOU Mengmeng;ZHANG Lu;WANG Xinfang;ZHANG Di;BAO Yongzhan;CHEN Baojiang;SHI Wanyu(College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China;Hebei General Animal Husbandry Station,Shijiazhuang O50000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学中兽医学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省畜牧总站,河北石家庄050000 [3]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2023年第7期1484-1490,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家兔产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-43-B-2);河北农业大学科研发展基金资助项目(JY2021011)。

摘　　要：旨在探讨不同程度霉变饲料对肉兔肾脏的损伤作用。将80只30日龄的新西兰肉兔,随机分为4组,每组20只。空白组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲料中正常玉米用不同比例的霉变玉米代替,低剂量组(5%霉变玉米+10%正常玉米),中剂量组(10%霉变玉米+5%正常玉米),高剂量组(15%霉变玉米+0%正常玉米)。试验前ELISA法检测饲料中AFB1、ZEN、DON含量。饲喂21 d后,心脏采血、随取肾脏。HE染色观察肾组织病理学变化;ELISA法检测肾组织中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8、IL-1β水平;生化试剂盒检测血清中BUN、Cr、UA以及肾组织中MDA、NO、T-AOC、CAT、GSH-Px含量;qPCR检测TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1βmRNA相对表达量。结果显示,空白组与低剂量组霉菌毒素未超标,中剂量组AFB1超标,高剂量组AFB1、ZEN超标。与空白组相比,中、高剂量组肾指数显著降低(P<0.05);中、高剂量组血清中BUN、UA、Cr及肾组织中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-8、MDA、NO含量显著升高(P<0.05);中、高剂量组肾组织中CAT、GSH-Px、T-AOC含量显著降低(P<0.05);除中剂量组MyD88 mRNA相对表达量无显著升高(P>0.05)外,中、高剂量组肾组织中TLR4、NF-κB、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1βmRNA水平显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,肉兔采食霉变饲料会引起肾脏氧化损伤,并能加速炎症因子的释放。The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different degrees of moldy feed on the kidney of meat rabbits.Eighty rabbits at 30-day-old New Zealand meat rabbits were randomly divided into four groups with 20 rabbits in each group.The blank group was fed with the basic diet,the normal corn in the test group was replaced with different proportions of moldy corn,the low dose group(5%moldy corn+10%normal corn),the medium dose group(10%moldy corn+5%normal corn),and the high dose group(15%moldy corn+0%normal corn).The contents of AFB1,ZEN and DON in feed were detected by ELISA before the test.After 21 d of feeding,blood was collected from the heart and kidneys were taken at the same time.HE staining was used to observe kidney histopathological changes.ELISA was used to detect TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 and IL-1βlevels in kidney tissue.Biochemical kit was used to determinate levels of BUN,Cr,UA in serum and MDA,NO,T-AOC,CAT,GSH-Px in kidney tissue.The relative expression of TLR4,MyD88,NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βmRNA was detected by qPCR.The results showed that mycotoxin in the blank group and low dose group did not exceed the standard,AFB1 in medium dose group exceeded the standard,and AFB_1 and ZEN in high dose group exceeded the standard.Compared with the blank group,the kidney index in the medium and high dose groups decreased significantly(P<0.05);BUN,UA,Cr in serum and TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,IL-8,MDA and NO in renal tissues were significantly higher in the medium and high dose groups(P<0.05);the contents of CAT,GSH Px and T-AOC in kidney tissue of medium and high dose groups decreased significantly(P<0.05);the relative expression of MyD88 mRNA was not significantly increased in the medium dose group(P>0.05),while the levels of TLR4,NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βmRNA were significantly increased in the kidney tissues of the medium and high dose groups(P<0.05).The results indicate that the consumption of moldy feed by rabbits causes oxidative kidney damage and accelerates the release of inflammatory factors.

关 键 词：霉变饲料 肉兔 肾损伤 氧化应激 炎症因子 

分 类 号：S859.8[农业科学—临床兽医学]