利用角质颚形态判别东太平洋茎柔鱼3个不同种群的可行性研究  

A study on feasibility of discriminating three jumbo squid(Dosidicus gigas)populations inhabiting eastern Pacific Ocean using beak morphology

作　　者：李金桧 赵振方 刘必林[1,2,3,4,5] 方舟 胡贯宇[1,2,3,4,5] 陈新军 LI Jinhui;ZHAO Zhenfang;LIU Bilin;FANG Zhou;HU Guanyu;CHEN Xinjun(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources of Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Fisheries Exploitation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [5]农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2023年第4期79-87,共9页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901404);博士后创新人才支持计划(BX20200238);国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC41876141);上海市科技创新行动计划(10DZ1207500)。

摘　　要：茎柔鱼资源量丰富,是远洋渔业的重要目标经济种类,角质颚形态结构稳定,在头足类种类和种群的划分中有着重要的意义。为了探究利用角质颚形态对茎柔鱼三个种群(大、中、小种群)判别的可行性,本研究基于2018年7月—2020年12月中国鱿钓船在东太平洋公海(79°26'~120°32'W、02°19'N~20°24'S)采集的茎柔鱼样本,测定了其胴长(mantlelength,ML)、体质量(bodymass,BM)以及角质颚的12个形态参数,分析了不同性别和不同种群间角质颚形态的差异。结果显示,在雌、雄间差异性方面,除了下头盖长(LHL),小、中种群雌、雄间的角质颚形态参数差异均显著(P<0.05),除了上翼长(UWL)、下头盖长(LHL),大种群雌、雄间的角质颚形态参数差异均显著(P<0.05),3个种群的雌性个体的角质颚形态参数均大于雄性;主成分分析显示,角质颚形态在雌、雄种群之间存在差异,中种群重叠部分最大,与中种群相比,小种群和大种群有部分重叠但区分更为明显。在种群间差异性方面,角质颚各形态参数在3个种群间差异极显著(P<0.01),大种群的角质颚最大,其次是中种群,小种群最小;利用标准化后的角质颚形态参数进行逐步判别分析,大、中、小3个种群的判别正确率分别为100%、93.2%和98.6%。研究表明,茎柔鱼3个种群的角质颚形态参数存在差异,角质颚形态可以用于判别茎柔鱼3个不同的种群。Jumbo squid(Dosidicus gigas)is abundant and important target economic species of oceanic fisheries.Its beak has a stable morphological structure and is of a great significance in the division of cephalopod species and populations.In order to explore the feasibility of using the morphology of beaks to distinguish the different sized populations of D.gigas based on the samples collected by Chinese squids fishing vessel in the high seas of eastern Pacific Ocean(79°26'W-120°32'W,02°19'N-20°24"S)from July,2018,to December,2020,ML,BM and 12 morphological parameters of beaks were measured.The morphological differences of beaks between different sexes and different populations were analyzed.Results showed that the variability of morphological parameters of beaks between females and males for small and medium populations was significant except lower hood length(LHL)(p<0.05)while the differences of beak morphometrics between females and maless of large population were significant except upper wing length(UWL)and lower head hood length(LHL)(p<0.05).Results of principal component analysis(PCA)showed that there are differences in beak morphology between females and males.Compared with small and large populations,the overlap between females and males was larger for middle population.The standardized morphological parameters of beaks were used for stepwise discriminant analysis(SDA).Results showed that the discriminant accuracy of large,medium and small populations is 100%,93.2%and 98.6%,respectively.Our findings indicated that there are differences in the morphological parameters of beaks among three populations of D.gigas,and the beak morphology can be used to distinguish three populations of D.gigas.

关 键 词：茎柔鱼 种群判别 角质颚 形态 

分 类 号：S931.3[农业科学—渔业资源]