川产道地药材暗紫贝母生态因子的动态监测研究  

Dynamic Monitoring on the Ecological Factors of Fritillaria unibracteata in Sichuan

作　　者：方清茂[1] 王洪苏 吴萍[1] 罗冰 胡平[1] 胡鹃 王晓蓉 FANG Qingmao;WANG Hongsu;WU Ping;LUO Bing;HU Ping;HU Juan;WANG Xiaorong(Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica,Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Songzanxuembei Biotechnology Limited Company,Aba 623301,China;Kangding Enwei Plateau Medicinal Herbs Wild Tending Base Co.Ltd.,Kangding 626002,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省中医药科学院四川省道地药材系统开发工程技术研究中心,成都610041 [2]四川松赞雪贝生物科技有限公司,茂县623301 [3]康定恩威高原药材野生抚育基地有限责任公司,康定626002

出　　处：《世界中医药》2023年第17期2430-2434,共5页World Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1701800);中央本级重大增减支项目“名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目”(2060302);财政部中医药部门公共卫生专项(A-2011N-34,A-2014N-50,Z-2017N-4);国家医疗服务与保障能力提升补助资金项目(Z-2019N-10);四川省科技厅应用基础研究计划项目(2020YJ0435)。

摘　　要：目的:监测暗紫贝母生态因子的动态变化。方法:在川产道地药材暗紫贝母的野生生态环境与栽培生产场地,安装溯源监测设备,利用通用分组无线服务技术(GPRS)网络进行数据的远程无线传输,通过平台网站实时获得产地的生态因子动态数据(土壤温湿度、空气温湿度、光照、气压),结合暗紫贝母的生物学特性,对不同产地与栽培环境条件下,暗紫贝母生长旺盛期的动态生态因子的变化规律进行分析。结果:生态因子是影响中药材品质的关键因素之一。海拔是影响暗紫贝母生态因子的主要因素,随着海拔的降低,相关生态因子都发生了变化,如气压升高、光照减弱、空气湿度增大、土壤温度升高。大棚对贝母生态因子如气温、光照强度的影响十分显著,可能与大棚栽培的药材形态与品质的变化之间存在一定的相关性。野生环境的生态因子优于人工栽培的条件,如伴生植被好,土壤湿度大于大田与大棚,更有利于暗紫贝母的生长。建议在适宜的生态环境中栽培与野生抚育暗紫贝母。结论:溯源监测设备能够实时获得暗紫贝母准确的生态因子数据。Objective:To monitor the dynamic changes in the ecological factors of Fritillaria unibracteata(FU),one of the famous geoherbs produced in Sichuan,China.Methods:The tracing devices were installed in the wild environment and greenhouses,and the data were collected on the web platform and transmitted by the General Packet Radio Service(GPRS).Considering the biological characteristics of FU,the ecological factors(soil and air temperatures,humidity,soil moisture,light intensity,and barometric pressure)were compared for the FU growing at different altitudes and in different modes.Results:Ecological factors affected the quality of Chinese medicinal materials.The altitude was one of the main factors influencing the ecological factors of FU.The decline in the altitude corresponded to the increases in barometric pressure,humidity,and soil moisture and the weakening in light intensity.The FU cultivated in greenhouses showed significant responses to the changes in ecological factors,particularly the air temperature and light intensity.These changes may cause the morphological changes and affect the quality of FU.The ecological factors in the wild environment were more suitable for the growth of FU than those in greenhouses,as manifested by suitable companion plants and high soil moisture.To obtain high-quality FU,we suggest cultivating FU in suitable or wild environment.Conclusion:The real-time data of the ecological factors of FU can be acquired by the tracing devices installed in the wild environment and greenhouses.

关 键 词：道地药材 暗紫贝母 生态因子 通用分组无线服务技术 动态监测 溯源 大棚栽培 野生抚育 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]