基于超声波无损检测的电阻点焊质量及性能评估可视化技术研究  

Research on Visual Technology for Quality and Performance Evaluation of Resistance Spot Welding Based on Ultrasonic Non-destructive Testing

作　　者：王洪潇 王春生 邸建财 闫占奇 刘立国 WANG Hongxiao;WANG Chunsheng;DI Jiancai;YAN Zhanqi;LIU Liguo(CRRC Chang Chun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第10期59-64,共6页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：电阻点焊接头的焊后检验作为保证焊接质量的一个重要环节,在地铁车辆不锈钢车体的焊装生产中一直备受重视。目前点焊接头质量的超声波检测技术大多为定性检测,无法确定熔核的几何状态、内部缺陷尺寸等质量信息。为此,开展了电阻点焊接头中超声波传播特性及其声场分布研究,研发了一种基于大直径、密集阵元探头的点焊接头内部连接状态快速超声成像及评估检测系统,通过对超声信号的深度处理技术研究,提取能够表现接头内部不同连接形态及缺陷的几何信息,建立定量化的检测模型,实现了不锈钢点焊接头内部连接状态的直观成像以及熔核尺寸的自动识别与计算。经超声波检测试验验证,熔核尺寸超声测量值和实测值吻合良好,其正态分布曲线均值为-0.001 87,标准差为0.139 2,相对误差均值和方差都很小。As an important link to ensure the welding quality,the post-welding inspection of resistance spot welding joints has been paid much attention in the welding production of stainless steel metro vehicle bodies.At present,the ultrasonic test‐ing technology of spot welding joint quality is mostly qualitative testing,which can't determine the geometric state of nug‐get,the size of internal defects and other quality information.Therefore,the research on ultrasonic propagation characteris‐tics and its sound field distribution in resistance spot welding joints is carried out,and developed a rapid ultrasonic imaging and evaluation detection system for the internal connection status of stainless steel spot welding joints based on large diam‐eter and dense array element probes.By studying the deep processing technology of ultrasonic signals,we extract geometric information that can represent different connection forms and defects inside the joints,establish a quantitative detection model,and achieve intuitive imaging of the internal connection status of stainless steel spot welding joints and automatic rec‐ognition and calculation of nugget size.Through ultrasonic testing experiments,it has been verified that the measured and measured values of the nugget size are in good agreement.The mean of the normal distribution curve is-0.00187,with a standard deviation of 0.1392.The mean and variance of the relative error are both very small..

关 键 词：电阻点焊接头 超声波检测 直观成像 熔核直径 定量化检测 

分 类 号：TG441.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]