不同保护气体对连续激光线焊熔池的影响研究  

Effect of Different Shielding Gas on Molten Pool of Laser Welding

作　　者：肖华 彭必荣 欧阳忠华 XIAO Hua;PENG Birong;OUYANG Zhonghua(Han's Laser Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第10期103-108,共6页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：为研究低功率光纤激光器连续激光线焊工艺过程中不同类型保护气体对焊接熔池的影响,选用304不锈钢作试验材料,对比无保护气、压缩空气、氮气、氩气和氦气5种保护气体模式下连续激光线焊工艺方式得到的焊缝外观情况及熔池形貌。试验结果表明,相较于无保护气体模式,保护气体模式下熔池成形更加稳定,焊缝边缘平整,外观缺陷相对较少;在保护气体的作用下,熔池截面呈特殊的“钉头型”。不同类型保护气体会对熔池尺寸产生一定影响。试验条件下,相较于无保护气体,在氮气条件下,焊缝熔宽均值增加44.7%,熔深均值增加16%;氩气条件下,熔宽均值增加55.3%,熔深均值增加8.9%;而氦气条件下,熔宽均值增加59.6%,熔深情况变化不大。焊接氛围气体导热系数、氛围气体电离能和吹气散热效应是导致差异的主要原因。生产中兼顾焊接效果及经济成本,在薄板低功率精密焊接过程中,采用氩气作保护气体是较佳的选择。In order to study the effect of different types of shielding gas on the welding pool of continuous laser line weld‐ing with low-power fiber laser,SUS304 stainless steel is selected as the test material to compare the jointed appearance and welding pool of continuous laser line wielding under five air blowing modes:no-air blowing,compressed air,N2,Ar,He.The results show that the welding pool obtained by laser welding in the air-blowing mode is more stable with much less de‐fects appearance.The cross section of the molten pool has a special"nail head shape"under the action of the shielding gas.Different types of shielding gases will have a certain impact on the size of the weld pool after welding.Compared with weld‐ing without blowing under the test conditions,the average weld width increases by 44.7%and the average penetration in‐creases by 16%under the N2 condition,55.3%and 8.9%under the Ar condition.Under the He condition,the average weld width increased by 59.6%,and the penetration didn't change much.The difference is caused by the ionization of atmospheric gas and the"blowing heat dissipation effect".In production,considering the welding effect and economic cost,using argon gas as a protective gas is a better choice in low-power precision welding of thin plates.

关 键 词：连续激光线焊接 保护气体 焊缝外观 焊接熔池 吹气散热效应 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]