欧洲能源危机成因、影响与应对措施  

Causes,Impacts and Mitigation Measures of European Energy Crisis

作　　者：邹洋[1] 王剑晓 戴璟 周越 张天策 秦佩欣 许庆宇 宋洁[1,2] 吴建中[4] ZOU Yang;WANG Jianxiao;DAI Jing;ZHOU Yue;ZHANG Tiance;QIN Peixin;XU Qingyu;SONG Jie;WU Jianzhong(Department of Industrial Engineering and Management,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Application Technology(Peking University),Beijing 100871,China;Energy Internet Research Institute,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100089,China;School of Engineering,Cardiff University,Cardiff CF243AA,UK;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学工业工程与管理系,北京市100871 [2]大数据分析与应用技术国家工程实验室(北京大学),北京市100871 [3]清华大学能源互联网创新研究院,北京市100089 [4]卡迪夫大学工程学院,卡迪夫CF243AA,英国 [5]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京市102206

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2023年第17期1-13,共13页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB2405600)。

摘　　要：能源安全是国家安全的重要组成部分,在世界格局动荡、气候风险不断升高的当下,保证国家能源安全具有重要意义。2021年,欧洲爆发能源危机,为各国政治经济带来巨大挑战。新冠疫情后的经济复苏、极端天气导致供暖需求增加、欧洲各国激进的能源转型政策以及俄乌冲突导致的能源格局变化是这次能源危机的主要原因。欧洲能源危机对中国在能源转型过程中的政策制定、科技创新等方面带来一定启示。文中首先分析了近年来欧洲能源危机的现状、成因及影响因素;然后,研判欧洲各国采取的能源韧性提升措施;最后,归纳总结应对能源危机的解决策略,对中国能源安全战略发展提出政策建议。Energy security is an important component of national security.In the context of volatile world patterns and increasing climate risks,ensuring national energy security is of great significance.In 2021,Europe experienced an energy crisis,bringing huge challenges to the political and economic situations of various countries.The main causes of this energy crisis include the economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic,the increasing demand for heating due to extreme weather,the radical energy transition policies of European countries,and the changes in the energy landscape resulting from the conflict between Russia and Ukraine.The European energy crisis provides certain enlightenment for the policy formulation and technological innovation of China in the energy transition process.This paper first analyzes the current situation,causes,and impacts of the European energy crisis in recent years.Then,the energy resilience enhancement measures taken by various European countries are assessed.Finally,the strategies for addressing the energy crisis are summarized and the policy recommendations are proposed for the development of energy security strategy of China.

关 键 词：欧洲能源危机 能源安全战略 能源系统 低碳转型 能源供给 极端天气 

分 类 号：F416.2[经济管理—产业经济]