林型和林龄对嫩江沙地人工林生态系统碳储量影响规律研究  

Effects of forest type and stand age on ecosystem carbon storage of plantations in Nenjiang Sandy Land of northeastern China

作　　者：鲁艺 牟长城 高旭 梁道省 Lu Yi;Mu Changcheng;Gao Xu;Liang Daosheng(Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院生态研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2023年第10期16-27,共12页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研项目(2572019DF07)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示林型和林龄对温带半干旱地区嫩江流域固沙人工林生态系统碳储量的影响规律及机制,为沙地人工林碳汇管理实践提供科学依据。【方法】采用相对生长方程、碳氮分析仪测定法,同步估算具有幼龄林、中龄林、成熟林年龄序列的11、30、45年生樟子松和6、15、26年生小黑杨2种人工林,以及28年生天然榆树疏林的生态系统碳储量(植被和土壤)、植被年净固碳量及其相关环境因子(土壤含水率、有机质、全氮等),确定林型和林龄对沙地人工林生态系统碳储量影响效果。【结果】(1)在植被固碳方面,樟子松和杨树人工林均强于天然榆树疏林,尤以樟子松人工林为最佳;且樟子松、杨树人工林的植被碳储量均随林龄而递增,但两者植被年净固碳量随林龄变化规律却不同,前者为幼龄林>中龄林=成熟林,后者随林龄而递增。(2)在土壤固碳方面,杨树人工林优于天然榆树疏林,而樟子松人工林却不及天然榆树疏林;且樟子松、杨树人工林土壤碳储量随林龄的变化规律也不同,分别为先增后稳型和递增型。两者的土壤碳储量的空间分布格局也被改变,在水平空间上,前者降低了上、下部土壤层的碳储量,且在上部土壤层碳储量随林龄增强;后者增加了中上部土壤层碳储量,且在底部土壤层碳储量随林龄增强;在垂直空间上,两者幼龄林土壤碳储量垂直分层明显,至成熟林趋于弱化;(3)在生态系统固碳方面,樟子松和杨树人工林相近且均强于天然榆树疏林;樟子松和杨树人工林生态系统碳储量均随林龄而递增,但其分配格局多以植被碳储量占优势,明显不同于以土壤占优势的天然榆树疏林;(4)樟子松人工林生态系统碳储量与植被年净固碳量主要受土壤全氮所控制,而杨树人工林生态系统碳储量与植被年净固碳量主要受土壤有机质所控制。【结论】在我国温带半干旱地区流动�[Objective]This study aimed to reveal the influencing laws and mechanisms of forest types and stand age on the carbon storage of sand fixation plantation ecosystem in the Nenjiang River Basin of northeastern China in temperate semi-arid regions,and to provide a scientific basis for the practice of carbon sink management in sandy plantations.[Method]Relative growth equations,carbon and nitrogen analyzer were used to simultaneously estimate the ecosystem carbon stocks(vegetation and soil),annual net carbon sequestration of vegetation and related environmental factors(soil moisture content,organic matter,total nitrogen,and so on)in two kinds of plantations with a chronosequences of young forests,middle-aged forests,and mature forests of 11,30 and 45 years old Mongolian pine(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)plantation(Ps);6,15 and 26 years old Populus×xiaohei plantation(Px)and 28 years old natural Siberian elm(Ulmus pumila)forest(Up)at sand dune sites,and to determine the influencing law and mechanism of forest types and ages on the ecosystem carbon storage.[Result](1)The vegetation carbon storage of Ps and Px increased significantly than Up,which of Ps was the highest among three forest types.Moreover,the vegetation carbon storage of Ps and Px increased with the forest age,but the changing trends of annual net carbon sequestration(ANCS)of vegetation with forest age were different between Ps and Px,the former is young forests>mid-aged forests=mature forests;the latter increased with forest age.(2)In terms of soil carbon sequestration,Px was better than Up,while Ps was less than Up;moreover,the changing law of soil carbon storage with forest age in Ps and Px was also different,increasing first and then stabilizing and increasing,respectively.And both forest types all changed the spatial distribution pattern of soil carbon storage.In the horizontal space,Ps reduced the carbon storage in the upper and lower soil layers,and its soil carbon storage increased with the forest age in the upper soil layer;while Px increased th

关 键 词：嫩江沙地 固沙人工林 生态系统碳储量 植被年净固碳量 林型和林龄 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]