热解自活化法制备竹箨活性炭及其砷吸附性能  

Preparation of activated carbon from bamboo shoot shell by pyrolysis self-activation method and its arsenic adsorption performance

作　　者：姚尧 刘志佳 陈瑶[1,2] 何林韩 高建民 Yao Yao;Liu Zhijia;Chen Yao;He Linhan;Gao Jianmin(Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing for Bamboo&Rattan Science and Technology,International Center for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学木质材料科学与应用教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]木材科学与工程北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [3]国家林业和草原局/北京市共建竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,国际竹藤中心,北京100102

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2023年第10期149-158,共10页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971742)。

摘　　要：【目的】利用竹材加工剩余物竹箨探索一种高效除砷活性炭材料。【方法】以竹箨为原材料,以微波加热为热源,利用高温热解自活化技术在不同的活化温度和时间下制备竹箨活性炭,通过表征竹箨活性炭的微观形貌、比表面积、孔隙结构、石墨化程度、表面元素和官能团,揭示活化时间和温度等对其微观结构的影响,探讨竹箨活性炭的砷吸附性能,比较不同制备方法下活性炭的比表面积和砷吸附容量的差异。【结果】活化温度1050℃、活化时间30 min时,竹箨活性炭孔隙结构排列整齐致密,比表面积达到1251.7 m^(2)/g,孔容为0.697 cm^(3)/g,微孔比表面积比率和微孔孔容比率分别为60.9%和64.0%,平均孔径为0.448 nm,主要由微孔和少量介孔组成,孔径远大于砷酸根离子(AsO_(4)^(3-))和亚砷酸分子(H_(3)AsO_(3))的空间构型尺寸,有利于对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附。反映石墨化程度的R值为1.340,表面具有丰富的含氧官能团,对As(Ⅲ)的最大吸附量为3.87 mg/g,对As(Ⅴ)的最大吸附量为3.17 mg/g。对比文献中不同活性炭的比表面积和砷吸附容量,竹箨活性炭表现出一定优势。【结论】适当提高活化温度、延长活化时间有利于表面微孔的形成,从而提高砷吸附容量;但过高的活化温度和过长的活化时间会导致孔隙结构坍塌,减小比表面积和微孔比率,降低砷吸附容量。本研究为高效治理水体砷污染活性炭材料的制备提供了一种简单环保的方法,具有良好的除砷性能。[Objective]This paper aims to explore an efficient arsenic removal activated carbon material using bamboo shoot shell residue from bamboo processing.[Method]Bamboo shoot shell was used as the raw material,while microwave heating was employed as the heat source.Activated carbon from bamboo shoot shell was prepared through catalytic pyrolysis self-activation technique at different activation temperatures and times.The microstructure,specific surface area,pore structure,graphitization degree,surface elements,and functional groups of the activated carbon were characterized to reveal the influence of activation time and temperature on its microstructure.The arsenic adsorption performance of the activated carbon was investigated,and the differences in specific surface area and arsenic adsorption capacity were compared among different preparation methods.[Result]At an activation temperature of 1050℃and activation time of 30 min,the activated carbon exhibited an orderly and dense pore structure.The specific surface area reached 1251.7 m^(2)/g,with a pore volume of 0.697 cm^(3)/g.The ratio of micropore specific surface area and the ratio of pore volume were 60.9%and 64.0%,respectively.The average pore diameter was 0.448 nm,primarily composed of micropores and a small amount of mesopores.The pore size was much larger than the spatial configuration dimensions of arsenate ions(AsO_(4)^(3−))and arsenous acid molecules(H_(3)AsO_(3)),which facilitated the adsorption of As(Ⅲ)and As(V).The graphitization degree(R)was 1.340,and the surface contained abundant oxygen-containing functional groups.The maximum adsorption capacity for As(Ⅲ)was 3.87 mg/g,while for As(V),it was 3.17 mg/g.Compared with the specific surface area and arsenic adsorption capacity of activated carbon in previous literature,the bamboo strip activated carbon demonstrated certain advantages.[Conclusion]Properly increasing the activation temperature and extending the activation time are beneficial for the formation of surface micropores,thereby enhancing th

关 键 词：热解自活化 竹箨活性炭 砷吸附性能 微观形貌 孔隙结构 

分 类 号：S644.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] TQ424.1[农业科学—园艺学] X523[化学工程]