对西方新自由主义“自由”“民主”概念的批判与价值重构——基于人类命运共同体理论视角  

Criticism and Value Reconstruction of the Western Neo-liberalism’s “Freedom” and “Democracy”:Perspective Based on the Theory of a Community with Shared Future for Mankind

作　　者：陈旭[1] 金炳镐 CHEN Xu;JIN Bing-hao(School of Marxism,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130000;Chinese Institute of Ethnic Theory and Ethnic Policy,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学马克思主义学院,吉林长春130000 [2]中央民族大学中国民族理论与民族政策研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期12-21,共10页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“人类命运共同体理念的‘共同价值’基础研究”(项目编号:22CKS059)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自由和民主作为全人类共同价值,反映了人类生存和发展的共同需要,是现代政治文明的鲜明标志。在百年变局加速演进的背景下,以新自由主义为理论基石的西方自由、民主愈发在理论和实践上显现出其局限性,即仅仅在“消极层面”理解自由、在“资本层面”追求民主,其业已成为多数现代性问题产生的根源。人类命运共同体理念正是在洞察现代社会弊病的基础上实现了对自由、民主的价值重构,即强调由“消极自由”统摄过渡至对“积极自由”的追求、由以资本逻辑为主导的虚伪民主跃升至以“共同价值”为基础的真正民主,进而通过中国式现代化这一现实主体确证人类命运共同体的世界历史性意义。可以说,构建人类命运共同体创造了诠释自由和民主的新路径,不仅使其在理论层面具有了新的科学内涵,更在实践层面助推国际关系民主化、发展道路多样化、国际政治多极化的历史进程,为构建人类政治文明新形态奠定认同基础。Freedom and democracy,as the common values of all mankind,reflect the common needs of human existence and development and are the distinctive symbols of modern political civilization.At present,as the unprecedented changes of the century are accelerating,neo-liberalism's liberal democracy has increasingly revealed its limitation in theory and practice,that is,understanding freedom only at the “negative level” and pursuing democracy at the “capital level”.It has become the root cause of most modern problems.The concept of a community with a shared future for mankind realizes the value reconstruction of freedom and democracy on the basis of insight into the modern social maladies.In other words,it emphasizes the transition from “negative freedom” to the pursuit of “positive freedom”,from the false democracy dominated by the logic of capital to the real democracy based on “common values”,and then confirms the world historical significance of the community of a shared future for mankind through Chinese modernization as a realistic subject.We can say that constructing a community with a shared future for mankind created a new path to exemplify on freedom and democracy,which not only endows it with a new scientific connotation in the theoretical level,but more importantly,boosts the historical process of international democratization,diversification of development path,vinternational political multi-polarization in the practical level,so as to lay the foundation for recognition of building a new form of human political civilization.

关 键 词：新自由主义 自由 民主 人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]