唐代粟特语境的消失与入华胡人的儒学教育——以唐京畿地区九姓胡墓志为例  

The Disappearance of Sogdian Language Context in Tang Dynasty and the Confucian Education of Sogdians in China:Case Study on Ethnic Hu’s Epitaphs Unearthed in Capital Region of Tang Dynasty

作　　者：张利亚 张稳刚[2] ZHANG Li-ya;ZHANG Wen-gang(School of Humanities,Xi'an Petroleum University,Xi'an,Shaanixi 710065;School of Politics and International Relations,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学人文学院,陕西西安710065 [2]兰州大学政治与国际关系学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期127-134,共8页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“唐五代河西地区儒学教育研究——以敦煌写本为中心”(项目编号:18YJAZH130);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“关中地区民间艺术遗存粟特文化研究”(项目编号:19YJAZH124)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中古时入华粟特胡人逐步开始接受儒学教育。他们在观念上认可民族融合,并且在墓志书写中提出了“君子无隔于华戎”和“英不殊于中外”的观念。入华胡人为国家和社会作出贡献,也将“流芳简牍,誉擅缣缃”被载入史册。在长安、洛阳这两个非常重要的胡人活动地区,出土的大量墓志证实了入华粟特人在文字、姓名、郡望和文化教育等方面逐渐融合的过程。通过这些墓志可以看出,随着粟特文字的逐渐消失,粟特语渐成为极少数人懂的语言,胡人的本土文化失去了载体,必将接受更博大的中华文化;社会地位越高的胡人,接受儒学教育程度越深。在长安、洛阳生活的胡人接受儒学教育更早更充分;学习儒学,以科举文官入仕而不再依赖经商、军功。中华文化显示了强大的包容性和接纳力。In the Middle ancient times,the Sogdians gradually began to accept Confucianism education.They accept national integration in the concept,and in the epitaph writing,they put forward sayings such as “gentleman is not separated from Hua and Rong” and “heroes are no different in between China and abroad”.Hu people coming to China made contributions to the country and society,and their fame and contributions would also be recorded in history through written documents.In Chang'an and Luoyang,the two very important areas of Hu people,a large number of unearthed epitaphs have confirmed the gradual integration of Soghdians coming to China in aspects of language,names,local nobles,culture and education.From these epitaphs,it can be seen that with the gradual disappearance of Sogdian written language,Sogdian has gradually become a language that a few people understand,and the local culture of Hu people has lost its carrier,and will thus accept a more inclusive Chinese culture.The higher the social status a Hu person obtained,the deeper the Confucian education he would receive.The Hu people living in Chang'an and Luoyang could receive Confucianism education earlier and more thoroughly than elsewhere.To study Confucianism,and then take the imperial examination can allow people being no longer dependent on business and military achievements.The Chinese culture shows its strong inclusiveness and acceptance capacity.

关 键 词：粟特 儒学 京畿 墓志 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学]