北宋与西夏交往交流的秩序与话语——以交聘文书为中心  

Order and Discourse of Communication between Northern Song Dynasty and Xixia Dynasty:Focusing on Presenting Diplomatic Documents

作　　者：何强 HE Qiang(School of History and Culture,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学历史文化学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期146-155,共10页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“宋朝官员称病的政治文化史研究”(项目编号:22CZS023);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“唐宋蚕业思想的继承与发展”(项目编号:2020jbkyzy003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：宋夏交聘文书是反映双方交往交流的重要历史文献。通过交聘文书可以发现北宋与西夏都遵循儒家王道理想下的天子与臣属的关系秩序,运用儒家君臣话语进行交往交流。政治实践上,双方虽因缘边蕃部问题而多有争战,但都有诉诸“誓书”与“公理”等比较成熟的协调机制,双方的军事冲突亦都是儒家话语下“明刑罚罪”的教化工具,往往以西夏谢罪、宋朝宽贷而结束。儒家王道理念不仅仅是作为一种书写话语,更是深刻影响到政治实践。也正因此,西夏方面亦产生了高度的中华文化认同,还将其体认到的儒家文化理念运用到与宋的交涉之中。研究宋夏交聘文书中所固有的秩序结构与话语体系,无疑对重新审视华夷关系、理解文化中国及中华一体观念的形成都具有重要理论价值。The presenting of diplomatic documents between the Song Dynasty and the Xixia Dynasty are important historical documents reflecting their exchanges.It can be found that both the Northern Song Dynasty and the Xixia Dynasty followed the order of the relationship between the the heavenly son and the vassal under the Confucian king's way and communicated with each other through the Confucian words between the king and the vassal.In political practice,although there were many conflicts between the two sides due to border issues,both the two side had adopted relatively mature coordination mechanisms such as “Oath” and “Axiom”.The military conflict between the two sides was also the educational tool of “clarified punishment and penalty” under the Confucian discourse,which often ended with the Xixia's making apology and the Song Dynasty's forgiveness.The concept of Confucian king's way can not only act as a writing discourse,but also make a profound influence on political practice.Therefore,Xixia Dynasty also produced a high degree of Chinese cultural identity,and applied the Confucian cultural concept that it recognized to the negotiation process with the Song Dynasty.The study of the inherent order structure and discourse system in the presenting diplomatic documents in between Song and Xia dynasties can undoubtedly provide important theoretical value to re-examine the relationship between Hua and Yi,and understand the formation of the concept of cultural China and China's integration.

关 键 词：北宋 西夏 文书 交往交流 话语 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]