梦天实验舱初始轨道快速计算策略与分析  

Strategy and Analysis of Fast Calculation for Initial Orbit of Mengtian Lab Module

作　　者：段成林[1] 盛庆轩[1] 段建锋[1] 王浩宇 慎千慧 陈铭 DUAN Chenglin;SHENG Qingxuan;DUAN Jianfeng;WANG Haoyu;SHEN Qianhui;CHEN Ming(Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2023年第5期30-35,共6页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11973015)。

摘　　要：初始轨道是航天器入轨评价的关键判据,快速准确计算初始轨道可在入轨异常时为应急救生控制赢得时间。针对传统初始轨道计算方法时间与精度不能兼顾的问题,设计了初始轨道快速计算策略,根据运载火箭加速度变化率来判断舱箭分离时间,采用基于动力学约束的实时轨道滑动批处理方法累积超短弧分离后数据计算初始轨道,对利用各种数据源确定的多组初始轨道进行逻辑优选判断。通过梦天试验舱仿真数据验证表明:使用该策略计算初始轨道,可达到事后精密定轨同等精度,计算时间控制在1 min以内,时效性远超事后精密轨道确定方法。The initial orbit is the key criterion for the evaluation of spacecraft into orbit.The fast and accurate calculation of initial orbit can gain time for the emergency life-saving control when the orbit is abnormal.In order to solve the problem that the time and accuracy obtained by the traditional initial orbit calculation method cannot be balanced,a fast initial orbit calculation strategy is designed.The separation time of module and arrow is determined according to the acceleration change rate of the launch vehicle.the real-time orbit sliding batch processing algorithm based on dynamic constraints is used to accumulate the data after ultra-short arc separation for the initial orbit calculation,and the logical optimization of multiple groups of initial orbits determined by various data sources is determined.The simulation data of the Mengtian lab module show that using the designed strategy to calculate the initial orbit can achieve the same accuracy of post-precision orbit determination,the calculation time is controlled within 1 min,and the timeliness is much higher than that obtained by the post-precision orbit determination method.

关 键 词：初始轨道 舱箭分离 滑动批处理 短弧定轨 梦天试验舱 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]