钠金属电池负极集流体改性的研究进展  

Research Progress on Modification of Anodic Current Collectors for Sodium Metal Batteries

作　　者：唐芳 刘聪聪 黄弘扬 姚雨 刘琳 芮先宏 余彦[2] TANG Fang;LIU Congcong;HUANG Hongyang;YAO Yu;LIU Lin;RUI Xianhong;YU Yan(School of Materials and Energy,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510080,China;Department of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学材料与能源学院,广州510080 [2]中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系,合肥230026

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2023年第9期2306-2321,共16页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52222210,51925207,U1910210,52161145101)。

摘　　要：钠金属负极由于其理论比容量高(1165 m A·h·g^(-1))、氧化还原电势低(–2.71 V vs.标准氢电极)和成本低,被认为是超越锂离子电池技术的理想候选材料。然而钠金属负极在实际应用中表现出钠枝晶生长和体积膨胀,导致其Coulomb效率低、循环寿命短等问题,这限制了其进一步发展。针对这些问题,研究者进行了大量工作,发现降低钠金属负极局部电流密度、增加钠成核位点、适当构建集流体孔隙缓解体积膨胀等手段,可以有效提高钠金属负极的循环稳定性。为此,本综述讨论了钠金属负极的主要问题;总结归纳了电沉积钠金属负极集流体的改性策略,包括三维集流体设计,掺杂、缺陷工程,晶种引入,缓冲层修饰;最后对高安全、高比能钠金属电池的未来发展提出展望。The sodium metal anode as an ideal candidate material beyond lithium-ion battery technology has a high theoretical specific capacity(i.e.,1165 m A·h·g^(–1)),a low redox potential(i.e.,–2.71 V vs.standard hydrogen electrode),and low cost.However,the practical application of sodium metal anode involves sodium dendrite growth and infinite volume expansion,leading to a low Coulombic efficiency and a short cycle life,and affecting its development.Recent work have dedicated much effort to solving these problems.This review represented some effective strategies in enhancing the cycling stability of sodium metal anodes,i.e.,reducing the local current density of sodium metal electrodes,increasing sodium nucleation sites,and creating appropriate pores in current collectors to alleviate volume expansion.This review also discussed the main problems of sodium metal anodes and summarized the modification strategies of current collectors of electrodeposited sodium metal anodes,i.e.,three-dimensional current collector design,doping or defect engineering,introduction of crystal seeds,and buffer layer modification.In addition,the future development aspects of high-safety and high-energy-density sodium metal batteries were also prospected.

关 键 词：钠金属电池 钠金属负极 集流体 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]