优化脱贫地区财政投入与支出的策略选择研究  

Research on Strategy Selection for Optimizing Financial Input and Expenditure in Poverty Alleviation Regions

作　　者：仇童伟 何青[2] Qiu Tongwei;He Qing

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院 [2]西南财经大学中国家庭金融调查与研究中心

出　　处：《财政研究》2023年第5期84-102,共19页Public Finance Research

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B16040)。

摘　　要：本文利用中国地方政府财政预决算数据库2016—2018年数据,从财政投入与支出两个维度系统评估了财政支持对脱贫地区经济增长与脱贫成果巩固的影响。结果显示,脱贫地区生产发展支出有利于经济增长且未影响脱贫成果,农村基础设施建设和社会发展支出因前期大规模投入而增效不明显;财政专项扶贫转移支付与专项转移支付是激励脱贫地区经济增长和脱贫成果巩固的重要原因。机制检验表明,财政支持通过增加全社会固定资产投资和激励企业发展促进了脱贫地区经济增长;脱贫地区继续增加农村基础设施建设支出和社会发展支出并不能促进非农就业率的提高和农村居民可支配收入的增长;生产发展支出是通过促进一二产业发展来促进脱贫地区经济增长的,随着脱贫地区经济增长,生产发展支出的重点需要转向第三产业。为此,因地制宜地调整生产发展支出结构,促成脱贫地区产业结构与市场需求的匹配是重要任务。This paper systematically evaluates the impact of financial support on economic growth and consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation in poverty alleviation regions from two dimensions of financial input and expenditure,using the data of local government financial budget and final accounts database from 2016 to 2018.The results show that production and development expenditures in poverty-stricken areas are conducive to economic growth.The efficiency of rural infrastructure construction and social development expenditures is not significantly increased due to large-scale investment in the early stage.Fiscal special fund for poverty alleviation and special transfer payment are important factors that stimulate economic growth and consolidate poverty alleviation achievements.Mechanism testing shows that fiscal support promotes economic growth by increasing fixed investment in the entire society and stimulating enterprise development;continuing to increase expenditure on rural infrastructure construction and social development in poverty-stricken areas is not conducive to the growth of non-agricultural employment rate and disposable income of rural residents.At present,production and development expenditure induces economic growth in poverty free areas by promoting the development of primary and secondary industries,and with the economic growth,the focus needs to be shifted to the tertiary sector.To this end,it is necessary to adjust the expenditure structure of production and development according to local conditions,and make great efforts to promote the matching of industrial structure and market demand.

关 键 词：巩固脱贫成果 经济发展 财政支出结构 财政转移支付 脱贫地区 

分 类 号：F812[经济管理—财政学] F062.6