2015-2022年云南省传染病突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies caused by infectious diseases in Yunnan,2015−2022

作　　者：陈莉华 张荣兵[2] 李蓉[3] 赵江[1] 李则颖 何继波[1] Chen Lihua;Zhang Rongbing;Li Rong;Zhao Jiang;Li Zeying;He Jibo(Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 6500221,Yunnan,China;Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China;Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明6500221 [2]昆明市疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650000 [3]昆明医科大学,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《疾病监测》2023年第9期1081-1086,共6页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：云南省重点研发计划(No.202103AC100006);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题(No.21JZD039)。

摘　　要：目的掌握云南省传染病突发公共卫生事件流行规律,为防控传染病突发公共卫生事件提供决策依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中获取2015—2022年云南省传染病突发公共卫生事件资料,运用描述流行病学分析其流行特征;应用指数模型对传染病突发公共卫生事件进行预测。结果2015—2022年云南省传染病突发公共卫生事件报告1164起,其中较大1起(0.09%)、一般861起(73.97%)、未分级302起(25.95%)。传播途径主要为呼吸道传染病事件、其次为肠道传染病事件;发病高峰主要在10—12月,5—6月有一个小高峰。发生场所主要为学校和幼托机构,发病的病种主要为水痘和手足口病;预测后两年传染病突发公共卫生事件分别为229起、256起。结论云南省传染病突发公共卫生事件,学校和幼托机构为防控的重点场所,应加强学校和幼托机构对呼吸道和肠道传染病事件的监测和预警,同时在各种传染病事件的发生季节有针对性的开展疫苗接种和健康教育,及时发现疫情,及时报告,及时处置,及时控制。Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies caused by infectious diseases in Yunnan province and provide reference for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.Methods The incidence data of public health emergencies caused by infections diseases in Yunnan from 2015 to 2022 were obtained from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System for a descriptive epidemiological analysis.Exponential model was used to predict the incidence of public health emergencies in Yunnan.Results From 2015 to 2022,a total of 1164 public health emergencies caused by infectious diseases were reported in Yunnan,including 1Ⅲ-level emergency(0.086%),861Ⅳ-level emergencies(73.97%)and 302 non graded emergencies(25.95%).The main infection route was respiratory transmission,followed by intestinal transmission.The annual incidence peak was during October-December,and the sub peak was during May-June.The main places where public health emergencies occurred were schools and child care settings,and the main diseases were chickenpox and hand foot and mouth disease.It is predicted that 229 and 256 public health emergencies would occur in the following two years respectively.Conclusion In Yunnan,schools and child care settings are the key places for the prevention and control of public health emergencies caused by infectious diseases.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and early warning of respiratory and intestinal infectious disease epidemics in schools and child care settings for the timely detection,reporting,response and control of disease epidemics.At the same time,targeted vaccination and health education should be carried out during the seasons when infectious diseases usually occur.

关 键 词：传染病 突发公共卫生事件 流行特征 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R126.4