动物类中药活性成分治疗变应性鼻炎的研究进展  

Research progress of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine of animal origin in the treatment of allergic rhinitis

作　　者：粆香 李贺 王铁山 潘彦舒 CHAO Xiang;LI He;WANG Tie-shan;PAN Yan-shu(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;First Clinical Medical College of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100700,China;Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学第一临床医学院,北京100700 [3]北京中医药大学北京中医药研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2023年第18期4884-4892,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82174331);教育部2022年产学合作协同育人项目(BUCM-2022-JWC-CXY-25);横向合作课题(BUCM-2021-JS-KF-061)。

摘　　要：变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)是上呼吸道常见的慢性炎性疾病,因其高发病率、高复发率,且缺乏根治手段,被世界卫生组织列为全球性健康问题。AR发病机制复杂,主要与B细胞、辅助性T细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、巨噬细胞等及其分泌的细胞因子和炎症介质有关,临床主要通过抑制组胺和白三烯等炎性介质进行治疗。近年来,动物类中药活性成分因其较高的安全性、专一性、选择性和生物效能,在AR治疗中显示出独特的研发优势和潜力。该研究从AR的发病机制入手,对现代药理学研究显示能调控AR免疫功能的动物类中药(如牛脾、蜂巢、蜂毒、五谷虫、紫河车等)活性成分及混合提取物治疗AR的作用及其机制进行了系统梳理和总结,为动物类中药活性成分的深入研究和临床开发应用提供参考。研究发现,动物类中药活性成分可通过调节机体的多项免疫平衡对AR产生确切的疗效,临床应用前景广阔,但其作用机制仍有待进一步深入,有效成分的质量控制技术有待进一步完善。目前我国中药活性成分研究已呈现出“传统医学经验基础-生物信息学与人工智能预测-新实验技术验证研发”三大互动体系,基于该体系,动物类中药能够结合现代科学技术手段,在最大程度上发挥中药活性成分治疗作用,以更高效和更创新的形式服务于AR的临床应用。Allergic rhinitis(AR)is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract.Due to its high incidence,high recurrence rate,and lack of radical treatment,the World Health Organization lists AR as a global health problem.The pathogenesis of AR is complex and is mainly related to B cells,T helper cells,eosinophils,basophils,macrophages,and their secreted cytokines and inflammatory mediators.Clinically,it is treated primarily by inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as histamine and leukotriene.In recent years,traditional animal Chinese medicine active ingredients have shown unique research and development advantages and potential in the treatment of AR due to the ir high safety,specificity,selectivity,and biological efficacy.From the perspective of the pathogenesis of AR,this study systematically combs and summarizes the effects and mechanisms of the active ingredients and mixed extracts of traditional animal Chinese medicine(such as the bovine spleen,honeycomb,bee venom,Maggot,and human placenta)in the treatment of AR,which can regulate the immune function of AR.This study provides a reference for the in-depth research and clinical development and application of active ingredients of traditional Chinese animal medicine.Studies have found that the active ingredients of conventional Chinese animal medicine can produce exact therapeutic effects on AR by regulating the body's multiple immune balances,and the clinical application prospect is broad.However,its mechanism of action still needs to be further explored,and the quality control technology of active ingredients needs to be further improved.There are three interactive systems in the research of active ingredients of Chinese medicine in China:"traditional medical experience basis,bioinformatics and artificial intelligence prediction,and new experimental technology verification and development."Based on this system,Chinese animal medicine can combine modern scientific and technological means to maximize the therapeutic effect of active ingredients

关 键 词：动物类中药 活性成分 变应性鼻炎 作用机制 免疫调节 

分 类 号：R276.1[医药卫生—中医五官科学]