基于GMPGIS系统和MaxEnt模型预测人参全球潜在生长区域  

Prediction of global potential growth areas for Panax ginseng based on GMPGIS system and MaxEnt model

作　　者：张惠惠 孟祥霄 林余霖[1] 陈士林[3,4] 黄林芳[1] ZHANG Hui-hui;MENG Xiang-xiao;LIN Yu-lin;CHEN Shi-lin;HUANG Lin-fang(Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China;Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330000,China;Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [2]江西中医药大学,江西南昌330000 [3]成都中医药大学,成都611137 [4]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2023年第18期4959-4966,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1812403-1,82073960,82274045);国家科技基础资源调查项目(2018FY10070)。

摘　　要：濒危贵重药材人参的适宜生境逐渐减少,研究其在中国和全球范围的适宜生长区,对人参的保护与可持续利用至关重要。该研究收集371个人参的分布点,使用21个环境因子作为生态指标,利用GMPGIS系统,MaxEnt模型以及泰森多边形,分析其在全球范围内的潜在适宜区。结果显示,影响人参的关键环境变量是最热季度的降水量(Bio18)和气温季节变化标准系数(Bio4)。人参的适宜生境多位于中国、日本、韩国、朝鲜以及俄罗斯等“一带一路”倡议沿线国家。高适宜生境多沿山脉分布在中国山东东南部、山西和陕西南部、江苏北部以及河南西北部。数据分析表明,当前人参种植基地选址均在高适宜生长区,泰森多边形结果显示,人参生产企业的地理区位不平衡,亟待优化。该研究可为人参的种植选址、科学引种、生产布局以及长期发展计划的制定提供数据支撑。The suitable habitat for the endangered and valuable medicinal herb Panax ginseng is gradually decreasing.It is crucial to investigate its suitable growing areas in China for global protection and sustainable utilization of P.ginseng.In this study,371 distribution points of P.ginseng were collected,and 21 environmental factors were used as ecological indicators.The GMPGIS system,MaxEnt model,and Thiessen polygon method were used to analyze the potential suitable areas for P.ginseng globally.The results showed that the key environmental variables affecting P.ginseng were precipitation in the hottest quarter(Bio18)and the coefficient of temperature seasonality(Bio4).The suitable habitats for P.ginseng were mostly located in the"One Belt,One Road"countries such as China,Japan,South Korea,North Korea,and Russia.The highly suitable habitats were mainly distributed along mountain ranges in southeastern Shandong,southern Shanxi and Shaanxi,northern Jiangsu,and northwestern Henan of China.Data analysis indicated that the current P.ginseng planting sites were all in high suitability zones,and the Thiessen polygon results showed that the geographic locations of P.ginseng production companies were unbalanced and urgently needed optimization.This study provides data support for P.ginseng planting site selection,scientific introduction,production layout,and long-term development planning.

关 键 词：人参 GMPGIS MAXENT 生态适应性 濒危药用植物 

分 类 号：S567.51[农业科学—中草药栽培]