建筑信息物理模型:一种建筑信息描述新形式  

Building Information and Physical Model:A Novel Form of Information Description for Buildings

作　　者：杨启亮 邢建春 Yang Qiliang;Xing Jianchun(College of Defense Engineering,Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学国防工程学院,南京210007

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2023年第5期222-232,共11页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52178307);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20201335)。

摘　　要：信息是驱动建筑全生命期“人、机、物”协同,推进建筑活动有序运行的核心元素,而更加真实和高效的建筑信息描述及共享一直是建筑领域的重要研究主题。本文提出了作为建筑信息描述新形式的建筑信息物理模型(BIPM),旨在满足建筑物联实景监控、城市数字孪生等建筑虚实动态实景化交互协同的急剧增长需求,实现建筑物理实体向信息空间的全真映射和协同。BIPM由建筑基本信息模型、物理模型、交互模型构成,统一了建筑外在几何属性信息、内在物理机理的描述。探讨了BIPM涉及的理论基础、关键技术,以建筑冷机的BIPM实现为例阐明了应用成效,进一步分析了BIPM的应用生态与价值。研究认为,应深化BIPM理论和核心关键技术研究,构建系列化的BIPM标准规范,研发体系化的BIPM建筑工业软件工具,更好拓展BIPM应用生态,追求形成自主可控的建筑信息模型新体系,为建筑设计、施工、运维,城市数字孪生等新型建筑工业基础软件的研制提供基础支撑。Information is the core element to drive human‒cyber‒physical collaborations and promote the orderly operation of building activities in the entire lifecycle of buildings.More realistic and efficient description and sharing of building information has always been an important theme pursued in the field of architecture.To meet the rapidly growing demand for interactive collaboration between virtual and real building conditions,this study proposes a novel form of information description for buildings,namely a building information and physical model(BIPM),for realizing the true mapping and collaboration from building physical entities to the information space.The BIPM is composed of a building basic information model,a physical model,and an interaction model,and unifies the description of the external geometric attribute information and the internal physical mechanisms of buildings.The theoretical foundation and key technical system of the BIPM are discussed,and the application effectiveness and benefits of the BIPM are demonstrated using building chillers as an example.Furthermore,the application ecologies and values of the BIPM are analyzed.Research suggestions are proposed as follows:(1)deepening the research on BIPM theories and key technologies,(2)formulating serialized BIPM standards and specifications,and(3)developing BIPM building industry software tools to expand the BIPM application ecosystem.This study is expected to provide support for the development of new basic software for the building industry,involving architectural design,construction,operation and maintenance,and urban digital twins.

关 键 词：建筑信息描述 信息模型技术 建筑信息模型(BIM) 数字孪生 建筑工业软件 

分 类 号：TU17[建筑科学—建筑理论]