面向需求点区域可达性的配送中心空间选址优化方法  

A Spatial Location Selection Optimization Method of Distribution Centers Based on Regional Accessibility of Demand Points

作　　者：万雅莉 刘刚[1,2] 何敬 WAN Yali;LIU Gang;HE Jing(College of Earth Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironmental Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球科学学院,四川成都610059 [2]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059

出　　处：《测绘地理信息》2023年第5期144-148,共5页Journal of Geomatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41871303,41602355);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2021YFG0365);地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室项目(SKLGP2018Z010);四川省自然资源厅科研项目(kj-2021-3)。

摘　　要：配送中心空间选址对应急物流规划具有重要意义,配送中心的可达性直接影响灾难发生时应急救援及物资调度的效率。围绕空间选址问题,从需求点空间可达性角度,利用GIS方法提出了一种面向需求点区域可达性的配送中心候选点提取算法,并通过区位-布局(location-allocation,LA)模型实现了配送中心选址优化。该选址方法考虑了区域可达性与人口分布之间的关系,通过极值分析得到适合建立配送中心的备选区域。在此基础上,以最小设施点数和最大覆盖度为目标,筛选出最优的配送中心位置。为检验方法的有效性,以四川省茂县凤仪镇为研究区进行配送中心选址实验。结果表明,利用该方法提取的配送中心的位置及空间分布是合理、可行的,研究成果为多配送中心的空间选址优化问题拓展了研究思路。The spatial location of the distribution center is of great significance to emergency logistics planning,and the accessibility of the distribution center directly affects the efficiency of emergency rescue and material dispatch when a disaster occurs.Focusing on the problem of spatial location,we use GIS method to propose an algorithm to extract candidate points of distribution center based on regional accessibility of the demand point from the perspective of the spatial accessibility of the demand point,and optimize the location selection of the distribution center through the LA location model.The location method considers the relationship between regional accessibility and population distribution,and obtains candidate areas suitable for establishing a distribution center through extreme value analysis.On this basis,with the minimum number of facilities and maximum coverage as the goal,the optimal distribution center location is screened out.To test the effectiveness of the method,we take Fengyi Town,Maoxian County,Sichuan Province as the study area to carry out a distribution center location experiment.The results show that the location and spatial distribution of the distribution centers extracted by this method are reasonable and feasible.The research results expand the research ideas for the optimization of the spatial location of multiple distribution centers.

关 键 词：可达性 配送中心选址 区位-布局(location-allocation LA)模型 空间优化 GIS网络分析 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]