5种开口饵料对淇河鲫仔鱼摄食、生长和存活率的影响  

Effects of five initial feeding diets on feeding rate,growth performance and survival rate of Qihe crucian carp Carassius auratus

作　　者：陈思宇 王静 徐松涛 田雪 石西 李学军 CHEN Siyu;WANG Jing;XU Songtao;TIAN Xue;SHI Xi;LI Xuejun(College of Fisheries,Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang,Henan Province 453007,China;Pingdu Municipal Bureau of Water Conservancy and Aquatic Products,Qingdao,Shandong Province 266700,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学水产学院,河南省水产动物养殖工程技术研究中心,河南新乡453007 [2]平度市水利水产局,山东青岛266700

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第21期131-137,共7页China Feed

基　　金：河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金(HARS-22-16-G1);河南省重点科技攻关项目(232102110001);河南师范大学博士科研启动基金(20210264)。

摘　　要：本研究采用丰年虫幼体、熟蛋黄、豆浆、商业开口料、脱壳丰年虫卵5种常见的淡水鱼开口饵料对淇河鲫(Carassius auratus)仔鱼进行了25 d的培育试验,探讨不同开口饵料对其开口摄食率、存活率、生长率和形态参数的影响,从而筛选出淇河鲫最理想的开口饵料。研究结果显示:投喂24 h后,蛋黄组的开口摄食率达到100%,其他各组的开口摄食率也都大于88%,各组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);在0~15 d时,各组存活率呈现出明显的下降趋势,15 d后,各组的存活率基本保持稳定,25 d后,丰年虫幼体组的存活率显著大于蛋黄组和豆浆组(P<0.05);25 d后,丰年虫幼体组的生长效果最好,其体重和体长分别增长了39.10倍和1.65倍,其末体重、末体长、日增体重、日增体长、体重和体长特定生长率均显著高于其他组(P<0.05),其次为蛋黄组,而另外三组表现出较差的生长效果;在形态参数方面,25 d后,丰年虫幼体组的肥满度显著大于其他组(P<0.05),其次为脱壳丰年虫卵组。综上,5种常见开口饵料中,丰年虫幼体是淇河鲫仔鱼最理想的开口饵料。An optimal initial feeding diet is vital for improving the survival and growth rate of fish larvae.In this study,five universal initial feeding diets including brine shrimp larvae(BSL),egg yolk(EY),soybean milk(SBM),commercial initial feeding diets(CIFD)and dehulled brine shrimp eggs(DBSE),were selected to culture Qihe crucian carp Carassius auratus larvae for 25 days to evaluate the effects of different diets on the initial feeding rate,survival rate,growth performance and morphological parameters.The results showed that the initial feeding rate after 24 h cultivation reached 100%in EY group,and other groups reached more than 88%,whereas there was no significant difference between different diet groups(P>0.05).The survival rate of each group showed an obvious decreased trend between 0~15 days and tended to keep at a steady level between 15~25 days.After 25 days,the survival rate of BSL group was significantly greater than that of EY and SBM groups(P<0.05).At the end of the experiment,the BSL group showed the best growth performance,and the body weight and body length increased 39.10 and 1.65 times,respectively.Additionally,the finial body weight/length,the daily body weight/length gain,the body weight/length specific growth rates were highest in BSL group(P<0.05),then followed by EY group,while the other three groups showed worse growth performance.For morphological parameters,at the end of the experiment,the condition factor in BSL group was significantly greater than that in other groups(P<0.05),followed by DBSE group.In summary,these results indicated that BSL was the best initial feeding diet for Qihe crucian carp larvae.

关 键 词：淇河鲫 开口饵料 摄食率 生长 存活率 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]