海事强制令的适用困境与完善  

Application Dilemma and Improvement of Maritime Injunction

作　　者：姜豪 JIANG Hao(Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学,上海200135

出　　处：《武汉船舶职业技术学院学报》2023年第5期80-86,共7页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology

摘　　要：海事强制令制度应海事实践需求而生,但《海诉法》中对其作出条件的规定却过于笼统,导致学界及实务界对其各要件的含义存在不同的见解,如“海事请求”“违法违约”的理解,“紧急情况”的认定等。值《海诉法》修法之际,通过对不同学者观点的梳理,及与域外其他制度的比较,认为从海事司法实践来看,并无必要对“海事请求”进行细化;作出条件中的“违法”,应为违反法律的强制性规定而非任意性规定,“违约”也并非违反所有状态的合约;而海事强制令与留置权的冲突,应从具体层面来加以解决;同时海事强制令制度的适用不应局限于紧急情形,应顺应时代需要扩张至非紧急情形。The maritime injunction system was born in response to the needs of maritime practice,but the provisions on its conditions in the Maritime Procedure Law are too general,leading to different opinions in the academic and practical fields on the meaning of its various elements.At the time of the revision of the Maritime Procedure Law,the author conducts research on the conditions for making maritime injunctions.Firstly,the article elaborates on the attributes and value objectives of the maritime injunction system,laying a theoretical foundation for the following text;Secondly,based on maritime judicial practice and academic disputes,this paper elaborates on the difficulties and theoretical differences in the application of the current maritime injunction system;Finally,based on the nature and value objectives of maritime injunctions,corresponding improvement suggestions are proposed for the current difficulties.

关 键 词：海事强制令 作出条件 紧急情况 海事请求 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]