水芹收割机的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of a watercress harvesting device

作　　者：栾云广 于林惠 宋海潮 杜渊 高传平 张长英 LUAN Yunguang;YU Linhui;SONG Haichao;DU Yuan;GAO Chuanping;ZHANG Changying(College of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业职业技术大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2023年第5期246-254,共9页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：基于互联网“订单式”水芹智能收获装备研发(NJ2020-34);江苏省高等教育改立项研究课题重点课题(2019JSJG118);南京工业职业技术大学人才引进科研项目(YK19-01-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对水芹寒冷冬日涉水收割以及收割效率低的问题,设计了一款水芹自动收割机,实现了水芹免于涉水、高效、有序收割。【方法】设计了一种双螺旋浆差动推进、侧向收割、双浮体承载结构的,水芹自动收割装置,并通过试验验证了水芹收割机的机动性,分析了水芹收割有序度与割幅、行进速度、收割效率的关系。【结果】割幅与行进速度越小,水芹的有序度越高,而收割效率与割幅、行进速度成正比关系;在满足有序收割的条件下,最大收割效率约为900 m^(2)/h,发生在割幅0.25 m,行进速度1 m/s的工况;损伤率与割幅、行进速度无关。【结论】设计的水芹收割机能够实现对水芹的自动收割,其收割效率为人工收割效率的19倍。【Objective】Aiming at the problem of wading water harvesting and low harvesting efficiency of watercress in cold winter,an automatic watercress harvesting machine was designed to realize efficient and orderly harvesting of watercress without wading.【Method】An automatic watercress harvesting machine with double floating platform,differential drive with double helix pulp and lateral harvesting structure was designed.The maneuverability of the watercress harvesting machine was verified by experiments,and the relationship between the orderly degree of watercress harvesting and cutting width,moving speed and harvesting efficiency was analyzed.【Result】The order degree of watercress was higher when the cutting width and moving speed were smaller,and the harvesting efficiency was directly proportional to the cutting width and moving speed.Under the condition of orderly harvesting,the maximum harvesting efficiency was about 900 m^(2)/h,which occurred at the cutting width of 0.25 m and the traveling speed of 1 m/s.The damage rate is independent of the cutting width and speed.【Conclusion】The designed watercress harvester can realize automatic harvesting of watercress,and its harvesting efficiency is 19 times that of manual harvesting.

关 键 词：水芹收获 切割装置 有序收割 收割效率 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]