超磁致伸缩式喷油器的结构参数优化及其响应特性研究  

Optimization of Structural Parameters and Response Characteristics of Giant Magnetostrictive Fuel Injector

作　　者：喻曹丰 段永勇 王玉 肖志豪 吴干 魏梓贤 YU Caofeng;DUAN Yongyong;WANG Yu;XIAO Zhihao;WU Gan;WEI Zixian(School of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学机械工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第19期148-154,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52105042);中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M652159);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2008085QE214)。

摘　　要：为提高现有喷油器的动态响应特性,采用超磁致伸缩驱动器(GMA)通过液压腔驱动球阀的形式,提出一种超磁致伸缩式喷油器(GMI)的设计方案。在阐述该喷油器的结构组成和工作原理基础上,基于Jiles-Atherton磁滞模型建立GMA的输出力模型,将其与喷油器液力模型耦合,建立了该喷油器的电-磁-机-液多场耦合模型;基于MATLAB/Simulink模块搭建该喷油器的仿真模型,分析不同偏置磁场下GMA的磁致伸缩曲线,以及不同GMA预应力下的球阀响应曲线;采用遗传算法,选取针阀响应时间为评价指标,对GMA的预应力、进出油孔直径、控制腔容积等关键参数进行优化。结果表明:设计的超磁致伸缩式喷油器具有良好的响应特性,优化使针阀开启延迟降低27.3%,针阀上升时间降低11.0%,针阀关闭延迟降低19.5%,针阀下降时间降低9.9%。In order to improve the dynamic response characteristics of existing injectors,a design scheme of giant magnetostrictive injector(GMI) was proposed by using a giant magnetostrictive actuator(GMA) to drive a ball valve through a hydraulic chamber.Based on the structure and working principle of the injector,the output force model of the GMA was established based on the Jiles-Atherton hysteresis model,which was coupled with the hydraulic model of the injector,and the electro-magnetic-mechanical-hydraulic multi-field coupling model of the injector was established.The simulation model of the injector was built based on MATLAB/Simulink module,and the magnetostrictive curves of GMA under different bias magnetic fields and the response curves of ball valve under different GMA prestresses were analyzed.The key parameters of GMA,such as preload,inlet and outlet hole diameter and control chamber volume,were optimized by genetic algorithm and needle valve response time was taken as evaluation index.The results show that the designed GMI has good response characteristics,the opening delay of the needle valve is reduced by 27.3%,the rise time of the needle valve is reduced by 11.0%,the closing delay of the needle valve is reduced by 19.5%,and the drop time of the needle valve is reduced by 9.9%.

关 键 词：喷油器 超磁致伸缩 数值模拟 动态响应 参数优化 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]