中国“报告文学”语义的历史衍变  

The Historical Evolution of the Semantics of Chinese“Reportage”

作　　者：黄开发[1] HUANG Kaifa(School of Chinese Language and Literature,BNU,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期94-103,共10页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“现当代散文的体类概念系统研究”(18BZW147)。

摘　　要：20世纪30年代初,报告文学被视为国际无产阶级所发现的一种新式文艺武器而被引进,体现了左翼作家对这一文体意识形态化的期待,阿英、胡风、茅盾等人视之为有益于无产阶级革命斗争需要的新兴文体,并围绕着报告文学的新闻性、文学性与倾向性等基本问题评介其文体特性;50年代,由于受苏联“特写”的影响,“报告文学”的名称一度改变,与30、40年代注重批判性不同,50、60年代的报告文学主要强调从正面歌颂先进人物、先进事迹;80年代中后期,大批宏观全景、综合运用文学和社会科学的方法反映社会问题的报告文学出现,标志着报告文学体式的成熟,人们对“报告文学”概念的内涵、外延及文体归属有了新的认识。In the early 1930s,reportage was introduced as a new literary weapon discovered by the international proletariat,reflecting the expectations of left-wing writers for the ideological transformation of this literary style.Ah Ying,Hu Feng,Mao Dun,and others regarded it as an emerging literary style beneficial to the revolutionary struggle of the proletariat,and evaluated its stylistic characteristics around basic issues such as its journalistic,literary,and tendentious nature.In the 1950s,due to the influence of the Soviet Union's“close-up”,the name of“reportage”changed for a time.Unlike the emphasis on criticism in the 1930s and 1940s,reportage in the 1950s and 1960s mainly emphasized praising advanced figures and deeds in a positive way.In the mid to late 1980s,a large number of reportage literature emerged,and they reflected social issues through a comprehensive approach of literature and social sciences,marking the maturity of the reportage style.People had a new understanding of the connotation,extension,and stylistic attribution of the concept of“reportage”.

关 键 词：报告文学 历史衍变 非虚构文学 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]