论犯意转化  

Discussion on the Conversion of Mens Rea

作　　者：马荣春 田玉琼 Ma Rongchun;Tian Yuqiong

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学 [2]连云港市海州区人民检察院第一检察部

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2023年第5期38-52,共15页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

摘　　要：犯意转化以罪数为问题意识,包含过失向故意的犯意转化和故意向故意的犯意转化两个基本类型。其中,过失向故意的犯意转化以犯意的内容为标准可划分出疏忽大意的过失向直接故意和间接故意的转化、过于自信的过失向直接故意和间接故意的转化。在过失向故意的犯意转化的场合,前后犯意所指向的法益具有同质或包容关系。故意向故意的犯意转化按时空标准可划分出犯罪预备阶段、犯罪实行阶段和犯罪预备阶段与犯罪实行阶段之间的犯意转化,而同一行为对象上的犯意转化和不同行为对象之间的犯意转化也可归属于犯意转化在时空标准下的一种具体划分。在故意向故意的犯意转化的场合,前后犯意所指向的法益只具有包容关系。采用时空同一性和法益同质(包容)性相结合的标准,可将犯意转化与另起犯意和行为对象转换予以甄别。但在行为对象转换的场合,法益专属性不影响行为对象转换“可能”形成犯意转化。最终,真正符合刑法法理,能够得到从刑法责任主义原则到罪责刑相适应原则和刑罚个别化原则的高度支撑,且得到运动刑法观提升的犯意转化,其责任方案应是“从新意方案”,但“从新意方案”对犯意转化的“犯意降低者”有着“犯意自觉降低”的无声要求。The conversion of mens rea takes the number of crimes as the problem consciousness.The conversion of mens rea includes two basic types:the conversion of negligence to intentional mens rea and the conversion of intentional mens rea.Among them,the conversion from negligence to deliberate offense can be divided into the conversion of negligence to direct intentional conversion,the conversion of negligent negligence to indirect intentional conversion,the conversion of over-confident negligence to direct intentional conversion,and the conversion of over-confident,the conversion of negligence to indirect intention.When negligence transforms into deliberate offense,the legal interests pointed to by the previous offense have a homogenous or inclusive relationship.The transformation from intentional to intentional offense can be divided into the transformation of offense in the preparatory stage of crime,the transformation of offense in the criminal execution stage,and the transformation of offense between the crime preparation stage and the criminal execution stage,and the transformation of offense and different behaviors on the same behavior object.The transformation of criminal intent between objects can also be attributed to a specific division of the transformation of criminal intent under the time-space standard.In the occasion of deliberate transformation into deliberate offense,the legal interests pointed to by the previous offense only have an inclusive relationship.Using the standard of combining temporal and spatial identity and homogeneity of legal interest(inclusiveness),we can distinguish between the transformation of criminal intentions and the transformation of other criminal intentions and behavior objects.But in the occasion of the conversion of the behavior object,the specificity of legal interest does not affect the"possibility"of the conversion of the behavior object to form an offensive conversion.In the end,it truly conforms to the legal principles of criminal law,can get a high degree of support fr

关 键 词：犯意转化 另起犯意 行为对象转换 刑法基本原则 从新意 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]