基于点激光的CRTSⅢ型无砟轨道板轮廓尺寸快速检测方法  

Rapid detection method for contour dimensions of CRTSⅢballastless track slab based on point laser

作　　者：兰可豪 李淑娟[1] 王嘉宾[1] 高向阳 任朋欣 LAN Kehao;LI Shujuan;WANG Jiabin;GAO Xiangyang;REN Pengxin(School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《工程设计学报》2023年第5期554-561,共8页Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575442)。

摘　　要：CRTSⅢ型无砟轨道板是现代高速铁路运行的基石。但由于轨道板的尺寸较大,且其承轨台的轮廓复杂,对表面精度的要求较高,传统的抽样检测方法无法实现每块轨道板的生产溯源。为此,提出了一种基于点激光测量技术的立式CRTSⅢ型无砟轨道板轮廓尺寸的快速检测方法。首先,采用点激光传感器配合磁栅尺同步采集轨道板及其承轨台轮廓的关键数据。然后,设计了基于差值处理的点激光数据预处理方法,并采用最小二乘法拟合计算关键轮廓尺寸,以实现在轨道板生产线要求的生产节拍内完成轮廓尺寸的自动检测。分别采用所提出的检测方法和三坐标检测法对同一轨道板的9个承轨台进行检测并对比两者的精度,结果显示2种检测方法的测量结果相差较小;利用所提出的检测方法对承轨台的小钳口距进行5次重复测量,结果显示最大极差为0.010 mm。研究结果验证了基于点激光的检测方法具有较高的精度和良好的一致性,能够大幅提高轨道板的检测速度,具有很高的应用价值。CRTSⅢballastless track slab is the cornerstone of modern high-speed railway operation.However,due to the large size of the track slab,the complex contour of the rail support platform and the high requirement of surface accuracy,the traditional sampling inspection methods cannot achieve the production traceability of each track slab.Therefore,a rapid detection method for contour dimensions of vertical CRTSⅢballastless track slab based on point laser measurement technology was proposed.Firstly,the key contour data of the track slab and its rail support platform were collected simultaneously by using point laser sensors in conjunction with magnetic grid ruler.Then,a point laser data preprocessing method based on difference processing was designed,and the key contour dimensions were fitted and calculated by using the least square method,so that the automatic detection of contour dimensions was achieved within the production cycle required by the track slab production line.The proposed detection method and the three-coordinate detection method were used to detect nine rail support platforms of the same track slab and their accuracy was compared.The results showed that the difference in measurement results between two detection methods was very small.The proposed detection method was used to measure the small jaw distance of the rail support platform for five times,and the results showed that the maximum range was 0.010 mm.The research results show that the detection method based on point laser has high accuracy and good consistency,which can greatly improve the detection speed of the track plate and has high application value.

关 键 词：CRTSⅢ型无砟轨道板 立式检测 点激光传感器 轮廓尺寸 

分 类 号：U216.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]