学龄前儿童基础运动技能与体能的关联性:系统综述研究  

Relationship between Fundamental Motor Skills and Physical Fitness in Preschool-aged Children:A Systematic Review

作　　者：施乐添 罗昕 翁东凯 李阿慧 张霆[3] 王健[1] SHI Le-tian;LOU Xin;WENG Dong-kai;LI A-hui;ZHANG Ting;WANG Jian(Department of Sports Science,College of Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Kaiyue Kindergarten,Hangzhou 311215,China;Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院体育系,浙江杭州310058 [2]杭州萧山区开悦幼儿园,浙江杭州311215 [3]首都儿科研究所,北京100020

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2023年第6期78-88,共11页Zhejiang Sport Science

摘　　要：目的:研究旨在回顾学龄前儿童基础运动技能(Fundamental motr skill, FMS)与体能之间相关性的科学证据。方法:系统综述,从2022年2月至2022年4月对检索平台Pubmed、Web of science、万方、知网和Scopus进行系统搜查。纳入2012年3月至2022年3月发表的研究,这些研究检查了学龄前儿童中FMS与体能组成部分(身体成分、肌肉骨骼健康、心肺适能和柔韧性)之间的关系。使用CONSORT和STROBE指南检查研究中的偏倚风险。分析了研究中的起源、设计、样本、测量FMS、测量体能、主要结果和统计数据。结果:24项研究符合所有标准;5项研究被评估为低偏倚风险,19项研究被归类为中偏倚风险。目前的科学证据无法确定身体成分与FMS之间的正负关系(19项中8项呈负相关);FMS与肌肉骨骼健康呈正相关(7项中的7项呈正相关);FMS与心肺适能(3项中3项呈正相关)、FMS与柔韧性(2项中2项呈正相关)由于研究数量的不足,两者关系依然不能确定。结论:学龄前儿童FMS与体能多方面的关联是不确定的,目前学界对肌肉骨骼能力与技能存在着正相关关系有着一致的认识,但柔韧性、心肺能力、体重与技能的关系在依然没有达成共识。未来对两者关系的进一步的研究需要对体能评价指标体系进行优化,对现在主流的体能评估方法进行融合筛除,整合出最精准和最能反映素质的评估方法;技能评估方法要同时具备过程指标和结局指标,避免结局指标评估项目与体能测试项目重合。Objectives This study aimed to review the scientific evidence on associations between fundamental motor skills(FMS)and physical fitness(PF),in preschool children,Design Systematic review.Methods Systematic search of PubMed,Scopus,CNKI,Wanfang,and Web of Science databases was undertaken in March 2022.Studies examining associations between FMS and PF components(body weight status,cardiorespiratory fitness,musculoskeletal fit-ness,and flexibility)in preschool children,published between March 2012 and March 2022,were included.The risk of bias within studies was assessed using CONSORT and STROBE guidelines.The origin,design,sample,measure of FMS,measure of the PF,main results and statistics of the studies were analyzed and a narrative synthesis was con-:ducted.The results twenty-four studies matched all criteria;5 were classified as low risk of bias and 19 as medium risk.The relationship between FMS and body weight status(8 out of 19 studies;inverse association)was uncertain and a positive association between FMS and musculoskeletal fitness(7 out of 7 studies;positive association).The rela-tionship between FMS and cardiorespiratory fitness(3 out of 3 studies;positive association)and flexibility(2 out of 2 studies;positive association)was uncertain,Conclusions The correlation between FMS and physical fitness in pre-school children is uncertain,and there is currently a consensus in the academic community on the positive correlation between musculoskeletal ability and skills.However,there is still no consensus on the relationship between flexibil-ity,cardiopulmonary ability,weight,and skills.Further research on the relationship between the FMS and physical fitness needs to optimize the physical fitness evaluation index system,integrate and screen out the current mainstream physical fitness evaluation methods,and integrate the most accurate and reflective evaluation methods;The skill eval-uation method should have process-oriented and product-oriented indicators to avoid overlapping product-oriented evaluation project wit

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 基础运动技能 体能 儿童早期发展 

分 类 号：G804.22[文化科学—运动人体科学]