非政府组织参与农村环境治理研究:理论与实践  

Non-government Organization Participation in Rural Environmental Governance Research:Theory and Practice

作　　者：洪志生 左孝凡 HONG Zhisheng;ZUO Xiaofan(Institute of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;National Academy of Education Administration,Beijing 102617,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]国家教育行政学院,北京102617

出　　处：《安徽乡村振兴研究》2023年第4期5-18,共14页ANHUI RURAL REVITALIZATION STUDIES

摘　　要：非政府组织参与农村环境治理,对提高基层政府环境治理效能具有积极意义。在理论层面,以多中心治理理论阐释非政府组织参与农村环境治理的理论依循,以新中国成立以来农村社会治理变迁阐释非政府组织参与农村环境治理的历史逻辑;在实践层面,基于非政府组织L参与江西省D乡农村垃圾分类治理的实践,采用扩展个案研究法,发现非政府组织在参与农村环境治理过程中发挥了专业化补充和监督角色、缓解环境治理项目的负外部性、提升环境治理的有效性等作用,但仍面临组织内生发展能力薄弱、相关法律制度不完善及农村环境社会公众认可度相对较低等共性困境。基于此,提出了相关对策建议:加强非政府组织自身发展,提高其参与社会治理能力;优化非政府组织参与农村环境治理的法律体系和制度体系;促进政府树立协作治理理念,完善多元主体共同参与的治理机制。The participation of non-governmental organizations(NGOs) in rural environmental governance is of positive significance in improving the effectiveness of grassroots government environmental governance.At the theoretical level,the polycentric governance theory elucidates the theoretical basis for the participation of nongovernmental organizations in rural environmental governance,the historical evolution of rural social governance since the establishment of New China elucidates historical logic for the involvement of non-governmental organizations in rural environmental governance.At the practical level,based on the case study of NGO involvement in the rural waste classification governance,the extended case study approach is adopted.The study finds that NGOs play roles in complementing and supervising professionalism,mitigating negative externalities of environmental governance projects,and enhancing the effectiveness of environmental governance.However,they still face common challenges such as weak internal development capacity,imperfect legal and institutional systems,and relatively low public recognition.Therefore,the article proposes strategies and recommendations,including strengthening the self-development of NGOs and enhancing their participation in rural environment governance,optimizing the legal and institutional systems for NGO involvement in rural environmental governance,and promoting collaborative governance concepts among the government to improve the governance mechanisms that involve multiple stakeholders.

关 键 词：非政府组织 农村环境 多元治理 生态文明 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学]