KASP标记技术在作物基因定位中的应用进展  

Application Progress of KASP Marker Technology on Crop Gene Location

作　　者：赵越[1] 孙宇峰[1] 徐磊[2] 王盼[1] 边境 王晓楠[1] ZHAO Yue;SUN Yufeng;XU Lei;WANG Pan;BIAN Jing;WANG Xiaonan(Daqing Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319;Daqing Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第19期122-127,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：黑龙江省科学院科学研究基金资助项目(KY2023DQ01);大庆市指导性科技计划资助项目(zd-2021-96);黑龙江省属科研院所科研业务费重点资助项目(CZKYF2021-2-B011);中央引导地方科技发展专项资助项目(ZY20B09);黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费资助项目(KYYW2022DQ01)。

摘　　要：单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)是基于下一代测序(next generation sequencing,NGS)发展起来的第三代分子标记,单个核苷酸的变异导致核酸序列出现多态性,具有遗传稳定性好、密度高和二等位基因型等特点,容易实现高通量和自动化检测。竞争性等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应(kompetitive allele specific PCR,KASP)是一种基于SNP的无凝胶荧光聚合酶链式反应基因分型技术,已广泛应用于动植物遗传育种研究中。该研究从KASP技术在作物基因定位研究中的试验群体选择及具体应用策略2个方面,阐述了该技术在作物产量、品质和抗性等重要性状相关基因精细定位中的研究进展,并总结了其优缺点,提出了优化作物KASP分型技术体系和建立功能基因多态性位点KASP数据库等建议,进一步推广其应用,旨在为作物性状遗传调控研究提供参考依据,加快作物从传统的经验育种到精准育种转化。Based on next generation sequencing(NGS),single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of the third-generation molecular marker was developed.Mutations of a single nucleotide cause polymorphism in nucleic acid sequences.It has the characteristics of good genetic stability,high density and secondary genotype,and is easy to realize high throughput and automatic detection.Kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP)is a genotyping technology which is a gel-free fluorescent polymerase chain reaction based on SNP and has been widely used in genetic breeding of animals and plants.In this study,the research progresses of KASP technology in fine mapping of genes related to important traits such as crop yield,quality and resistance were reviewed from experimental population selection and specific application strategies in crop gene location.And its advantages and disadvantages were summarized,Suggestions such as crop KASP typing technology system optimization and KASP database of functional gene polymorphic loci established were put forward to further promote its application,in order to provide reference for the genetic regulation of crop traits and accelerate the transformation from traditional experience breeding to precision breeding.

关 键 词：单核苷酸多态性 竞争性等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应 作物性状 遗传图谱 基因定位 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学]