植物中组织特异性启动子的研究进展  

Research Progress on Tissue Specific Promoters in Plant

作　　者：陈建琦 赵明珠[1,2] 王义 张美萍[1] CHEN Jianqi;ZHAO Mingzhu;WANG Yi;ZHANG Meiping(College of Life Science,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130118;Jilin Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization,Changchun,Jilin 130118)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生命科学学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林省人参基因资源开发与利用工程研究中心,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《北方园艺》2023年第19期128-134,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：吉林省科技厅国际合作资助项目(20200801063GH,20210402043GH);吉林省教育厅资助项目(JJKH20200318KJ,JJKH20200320KJ)。

摘　　要：启动子是位于基因编码区上游的基因开关,它开启和关闭基因的功能活性,并含有特定的顺式作用元件,这些元件是参与转录启动和调控的蛋白质的结合靶标。组成型启动子的使用会对非靶标生物或生态系统造成不利影响,而组织特异性启动子能够提供获得更多机会参与控制基因表达,并将不利影响降到最低。基于启动子在表达部位的特异性,综述了植物中新鉴定的根、花、种子、果实、维管束和绿色组织特异性启动子的研究进展,指出了组织特异性启动子研究目前存在的问题,并对其未来研究方向提出了展望,以期为植物的遗传改良提供参考依据。Promoter is a gene switch located upstream of gene coding region.It turns on and off the functional activity of gene,and contains specific cis-acting elements,which are binding targets of proteins involved in transcription initiation and regulation.The use of constitutive promoters have adverse effects on non-target organisms or ecosystems,while tissue-specific promoters can provide more opportunities to participate in the control of gene expression and minimize adverse effects.Based on the specificity of promoters in the expression site,the research progress of newly identified root,flower,seed,fruit,vascular bundle and green tissue-specific promoters in plants was reviewed.The existing problems in the research of tissue-specific promoters were pointed out,and the future research directions were put forward in order to provide reference for genetic improvement of plants.

关 键 词：组织特异性 启动子 植物基因工程 瞬时表达 转基因植物 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]