现代河流沉积物碎屑及矿物组分研究新进展  

Research progress of sand composition in modern river sediments

作　　者：梁文栋 胡修棉[2] LIANG Wendong;HU Xiumian(Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,State Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Mechanism of Endogenous Metal Deposits,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [2]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《地质学报》2023年第9期2975-2991,共17页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号42202112);第二次青藏高原科学考察项目(编号2019QZKK0204)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：现代河流沉积物忠实地记录了流域盆地内的母岩、风化、搬运和沉积过程中的化学、物理过程以及人类活动的改造作用,是探索和验证源-汇系统等理论的重要媒介。本文以全球现代河流砂组分数据库为基础,总结了碎屑组分、重矿物组分在不同大陆的分布特征,探讨了其在物源识别、源区贡献率计算、沉积物产生及搬运过程中气候-构造等影响因素的评估、对源-汇系统的研究启示等方面的应用。今后建议加强基于大数据的沉积物组分对气候-构造-人类活动的响应、沉积物产生及通量、高时间分辨率的沉积物组分变异性、不同物源定量化方法的差异等方面的研究。Modern fluvial sediments faithfully record the source signals of parent rocks and weathering conditions,as well as the transformation caused by chemical,physical processes and human activities during the transportation and deposition in the drainage basin,which are important media for exploring and verifying the sedimentological theories such as source-sink system.Based on the database of detrital components of global modern river sand,we summarized the distribution characteristics of petrographic and heavy minerals in different continents,and explored their applications in provenance identification,quantification of sediment contribution,evaluation of climatic and tectonic impacts during sediment generation and transport,and implications for the study of source-sink system.In future,it is suggested to strengthen the research on the compositional response to climatic,tectonic and human activities on the basis of big data analysis,sediment generation and production,sediment compositional variability with high time resolution,and differences among various provenance analysis methods.

关 键 词：碎屑组分 重矿物 源-汇过程 现代河流沉积 人类活动 

分 类 号：P512.2[天文地球—地质学] P611