特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者的临床特点与血液检验结果研究  

Study on Clinical Characteristics and Blood Test Results of Patients with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

作　　者：张珣 ZHANG Xun(Laboratory Department of Wuyuan County People's Hospital,Wuyuan 333200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]婺源县人民医院检验科,江西婺源333200

出　　处：《医学信息》2023年第21期90-93,共4页Journal of Medical Information

摘　　要：目的研究特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)患者的临床特点与血液检验结果。方法选取2019年1月-2022年1月在我院诊治的80例ITP患者作为观察组,并选取同期我院体检健康者80例作为对照组。比较两组血小板计数(PLT)、平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、大血小板比率(P-LCR),分析不同程度病情ITP患者血小板指标(PLT、MPV、PDW、P-LCR)水平、不同类型ITP患者血小板相关抗体G、PLT和血红蛋白(Hb)水平、不同类型ITP患者发病临床体征和症状特点(面色苍白、皮肤黏膜出血、脾肿大、呼吸道感染以及其他)、不同类型ITP患者年龄和性别特点。结果观察组PLT低于对照组,MPV、PDW、P-LCR均高于对照组(P<0.05);重度患者PLT低于中度、轻度患者,MPV、PDW、P-LCR均高于中度、轻度患者,且中度患者PLT低于轻度患者,MPV、PDW、P-LCR高于轻度患者(P<0.05),但极重度患者MPV、PDW、P-LCR均低于重度患者(P<0.05);急性患者血小板相关抗体G低于慢性患者,PLT、Hb均高于慢性患者(P<0.05);急性患者皮肤黏膜出血、呼吸道感染发生率高于慢性患者,面色苍白发生率低于慢性患者(P<0.05),脾肿大、其他发生率与慢性患者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);急性患者男性占比高于慢性患者,女性占比低于慢性患者,且平均年龄低于慢性患者(P<0.05)。结论特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者具有一定的临床表现和血液学特点,急性患者主要表现为皮肤黏膜出血、呼吸道感染,且多为男性,年龄相对偏低。随着病情的发展,PLT呈逐渐下降趋势,MPV、PDW、P-LCR呈上升趋势,可将以上血小板指标作为特发性血小板减少性紫癜临床鉴别诊断、判断病情的辅助指标。Objective To study the clinical characteristics and blood test results of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).Methods A total of 80 ITP patients who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 80 healthy people who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The platelet count(PLT),mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet distribution width(PDW)and large platelet ratio(P-LCR)were compared between the two groups.The levels of platelet indexes(PLT,MPV,PDW,P-LCR)in ITP patients with different degrees of illness,platelet-related antibody G,PLT and hemoglobin(Hb)levels in ITP patients with different types,clinical signs and symptoms of ITP patients with different types(pale complexion,skin and mucosal bleeding,splenomegaly,respiratory tract infection and other),age and gender characteristics of ITP patients with different types were analyzed.Results PLT in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and MPV,PDW and P-LCR were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).PLT in severe patients was lower than that in moderate and mild patients,MPV,PDW and P-LCR were higher than those in moderate and mild patients,PLT in moderate patients was lower than that in mild patients,MPV,PDW and P-LCR were higher than those in mild patients(P<0.05),but MPV,PDW and P-LCR in very severe patients were lower than those in severe patients(P<0.05).Platelet-associated antibody G in acute patients was lower than that in chronic patients,and PLT and Hb were higher than those in chronic patients(P<0.05).The incidence of skin mucosal hemorrhage and respiratory tract infection in acute patients was higher than that in chronic patients,and the incidence of pale complexion was lower than that in chronic patients(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of splenomegaly and other complications between acute patients and chronic patients(P>0.05).The proportio

关 键 词：特发性血小板减少性紫癜 血液检验 血小板 血小板相关抗体 

分 类 号：R725[医药卫生—儿科]