基于视场角原理的淤地坝技术指标测量方法  

The measurement method for the silt dam technical index based on the principle of field of vision

作　　者：杨翔惟 金美君 罗珂 马晨 王康[1] 田园盛 张平[1] YANG Xiangwei;JIN Meijun;LUO Ke;MA Chen;WANG Kang;TIAN Yuansheng;ZHANG Ping(Soil and Water Conservation Supervision Bureau in Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia Boeder Area of Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会晋陕蒙接壤地区水土保持监督局,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《测绘通报》2023年第10期123-128,共6页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(42167048)。

摘　　要：淤地坝是黄土高原治理水土流失的一项重要措施,研究淤地坝技术指标高效精准的测量方法,掌握其复杂运行环境下技术参数的变化情况,为淤地坝稳定性动态评估、运行管理提供技术数据。本文基于视场角原理,构建淤地坝长度、面积、高度和坡度4类数学几何模型,并设计特征图像采集与筛选、特征目标解译与数据提取方案,开展了淤地坝技术指标的实例测量研究。本文构建的测量方法最大误差为-3.48%,不同类型指标测量精度存在差异,坝顶长、坝顶宽、输水涵管和淤积高程测量误差相对最小,平均误差在1%以下;溢洪道、明渠等指标平均误差在2%以下;坝高、淤地面积及坝坡比等指标平均误差在3.5%以下。本文提出的淤地坝技术指标测量方法设计合理,测量误差较小,具备高效、精准的测量特点。In the Loess Plateau,the construction of a silt dam is an essential component of erosion management.The goals of the research presented in this paper are as follows:providing technical data for dynamic assessment of silt dam stability and operation management;developing measurement methods that are efficient and accurate for technical indicators of silt dams;and mastering the changes that occur in technical parameters due to the complex operating environment of silt dams.Based on the field-of-view principle,this paper builds four types of mathematical geometric models of silt dams,such as length,area,height,and slope,and designs feature image acquisition and screening,feature target interpretation,and data extraction schemes to carry out an example measurement study of silt dam technical indicators.The maximum error of the measurement method developed in this paper is-3.48%,and the measurement accuracy of different types of indicators varies.The average measurement error for dam crest length,dam crest width,water transfer culvert,and siltation elevation is less than 1%;the average error for spillway and open channel is less than 2%;and the average error for dam height,siltation area,and dam slope ratio is less than 3.5%.The silt dam technical index measurement method proposed in this paper is well-designed,with small measurement errors and efficient and accurate measurement characteristics.

关 键 词：淤地坝 视场角 RTK差分技术 数学几何模型 

分 类 号：P22[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]