西藏DG水电站工区边坡植被修复效果及生态因子分析  

Impacts of Slope Type and Ecological Factors on Vegetation Restoration at DG Hydropower Station in Xizang Autonomous Region

作　　者：申剑 李明明 周明涛[2] 王辰元 程威 Shen Jian;Li Mingming;Zhou Mingtao;Wang Chenyuan;Cheng Wei(DG Hydropower Branch,Huadian Tibetan Energy Co.,Ltd.,Shannan,Xizang 856200,China;College of Civil Engineering&Architecture China Three Gorges University,Yichang,Hubei 443002,China;Huadian Tibetan Energy Co.,Ltd.,Lhasa,Xizang 850000,China;Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area(China Three Gorges University),Ministry of Education,Yichang,Hubei 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]华电西藏能源有限公司大古水电分公司,西藏山南856200 [2]三峡大学土木与建筑学院,湖北宜昌443002 [3]华电西藏能源有限公司,西藏拉萨850000 [4]三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室(三峡大学),湖北宜昌443002〕

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2023年第4期31-43,共13页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国华电集团公司科研项目“高寒高海拔地区水电工程施工干扰植被修复技术研究与示范”(12IJD201800018);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504902-02)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究西藏DG水电站工区内边坡植被修复效果及主导生态因子,为提高工区植被修复成功率,治理水土流失,改善生态环境等提供理论依据和技术支撑。[方法]以工区内5种不同类型边坡(渣土堆积体、土质、土石混合、岩质、混凝土)为研究对象,选取土壤相对湿度、气温、坡度、坡向为生态因子,通过实地监测和取样分析,采用熵权法计算植被特征(物种多样性、物种丰富度、植被盖度)和土壤肥力(有机质、速效磷、速效氮、速效钾)权重分值,再由综合评价法计算综合得分,并结合极差分析甄选主导生态因子。[结果]西藏DG水电站工区内渣土堆积体边坡、土质边坡植被修复综合得分最高,均为10.0000,现场植被修复效果最好,而混凝土边坡植被修复综合得分仅为5.3690,现场植被修复效果较差;边坡类型不同,各生态因子对其植被修复影响的强弱不同,即土石混合边坡表现为:土壤相对湿度>坡度>气温>坡向,岩质边坡表现为:土壤相对湿度>气温>坡度>坡向,而土质边坡、混凝土边坡、渣土堆积体边坡均表现为:土壤相对湿度>坡向>坡度>气温,但主导生态因子却均为土壤相对湿度。[结论]影响西藏DG水电站工区内边坡植被修复主导生态因子为土壤相对湿度。不同类型边坡植被修复最优生态因子组合存在较大差异,其中土石混合边坡、岩质边坡、土质边坡、混凝土边坡和渣土堆积体边坡相对湿度和坡度均相同,差异主要体现在坡向和温度两方面。[Objective]The slope vegetation restoration effect and dominant ecological factors in the working area of DG hydropower station in Xizang Autonomous Region were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support to increase the success rate of vegetation restoration,control soil erosion,and improve the ecological environment in the work area.[Methods]Five different types of slope(slag accumulation,soil,soil/rock mixed,rock,and concrete)were taken as the research objects,and the relative soil water content,air temperature,slope and slope aspect were selected as ecological factors.After in-situ monitoring,sampling and analyzing the entropy-weight method was used to calculate the weight scores of vegetation characteristics(species diversity,species richness,and vegetation coverage)and soil fertility(organic matter,available phosphorus,available nitrogen,and available potassium).Then the comprehensive-evaluation method was used to calculate the comprehensive score that was then combined with the range analysis to select the most dominant ecological factor.[Results]The highest comprehensive score of vegetation restoration(10.0000)was obtained for the slag accumulation slope and the soil slope,and the effect of vegetation restoration was the best for these two slopes.The comprehensive score of vegetation restoration for the concrete slope was only 5.3690,and the effect of vegetation restoration was poor.Different types of slope had different effects on vegetation restoration because of different ecological factors.The impact of ecological factors followed the order of relative soil water content>slope>air temperature>slope aspect for the soil/rock mixed slope;relative soil water content>air temperature>slope>slope aspect for the rock slope;relative soil water content>slope aspect>slope>air temperature for the soil slope,concrete slope,and slag accumulation slope.Hence,relative soil water content was the most dominant ecological factor for all slopes.[Conclusion]The main ecological factor affecting sl

关 键 词：DG水电站 边坡植被修复 生态因子 熵权法 西藏自治区 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q142[生物学—生态学]