不同铺设形式对固沙砖沙障防风沙效果影响的风洞试验  

Wind Tunnel Experiment on Impacts of Different Sand Barrier Layouts on Windbreak and Sand-fixing

作　　者：孙婧 王君 洪俊哲 贾小静 张少云 Sun Jing;Wang Jun;Hong Junzhe;Jia Xiaojing;Zhang Shaoyun(School of Civil Engineering,Hebei University of Architecture,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Hebei Key Laboratory for Diagnosis,Reconstruction and Anti-disaster of Civil Engineering,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Hebei University Road and Bridge Structure Health Monitoring and Maintenance and Reinforcement Application Technology Research and Development Center,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北建筑工程学院土木工程学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河北省土木工程诊断、改造与抗灾重点实验室,河北张家口075000 [3]河北省高校道桥结构健康监测与维修加固应用技术研发中心,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2023年第4期44-52,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河北省科技厅重点研发计划项目“冀北风沙地区废弃铁尾矿道路阻沙屏障关键技术研究”(20373802D);河北省建设科技研究计划项目(2020-266);河北省教育厅2022年省级研究生创新资助项目(CXZZSS2022059);张家口市科技局重点研发科技项目(2021012B)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究带孔沙砖的铺设形式对风场特性和防风沙效果的影响,旨在为选择新型防风固沙材料提供理论依据。[方法]通过风洞试验,探究净风条件下方格沙障、梯度行列式沙障的风压分布及平均风压系数波动情况;重点对比分析了风沙条件下这2种不同沙障形式的障后风速、防风效能和积沙效果。[结果]相比于梯度行列式沙障,方格沙障内部平均风压系数均为负值,内部风流循环产生涡旋使其受压更稳定,且障后平均风速衰减率更高;防风效能沙障高度出现了先升高后下降的趋势,在10 cm高度方格沙障的防风效能为64.3%,比梯度行列式沙障高4.2%;方格沙障第1排、第2排后方格内总沙粒沉积率分别是梯度行列式沙障的1.14,1.66倍,且方格沙障的障后沉积沙粒量、障后沉积范围均要小于梯度行列式沙障。[结论]方格沙障具有使风流明显衰减的功能,阻沙率大于梯度行列式沙障,沙粒主要沉降在方格内部,其防风沙效果最好,为最优铺设形式。[Objective]The influences of porous sand-fixing bricks layout on wind field characteristics,windbreak effect and sand-fixing were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of new windbreak and sand-fixing materials.[Methods]The wind pressure distribution and the fluctuation of average wind pressure coefficient of a grid sand barrier and a gradient determinant sand barrier under wind conditions were explored by wind tunnel experiment.It was compared and analyzed emphatically for wind speed,windbreak efficiency,and sand accumulation for the two different types of sand barrier under sand storm.[Results]The average wind pressure coefficient inside the grid sand barrier was negative compared with the gradient determinant sand barrier,and the vortex generated by the internal wind circulation made it more stable under pressure.The average wind speed attenuation rate behind the grid sand barrier was higher than that behind the gradient determinant sand barrier.The windbreak efficiency first increased and then decreased with the increases of height along the height divection of sand barrier in barrier height.At 10 cm height,the windbreak efficiency of the grid sand barrier was 64.3%,which was 4.2%higher than that of gradient determinant sand barrier.The total sand deposition rates in the first row and the second row of the grid sand barrier were 1.14 and 1.66,respectively,times higher than that of the gradient determinant sand barrier.The amount of sand deposited behind the grid sand barrier and the deposition range behind the grid sand barrier were smaller than those values observed for the gradient determinant sand barrier.[Conclusion]The grid sand barrier had a significant attenuation effect on wind flow,and the sand resistance rate was higher than that of the gradient determinant sand barrier.Sand particles mainly settled inside the grid sand barrier,and its windbreak effect was better than observed for the gradient determinant sand barrier.The grid sand barrier was,therefore,judged to be the o

关 键 词：风洞试验 带孔固沙砖沙障 铺设形式 防风效能 沙粒沉积率 

分 类 号：X915.5[环境科学与工程—安全科学] S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]