双基地声呐系统的空间阵位设计分析  

Analysis of Spatial Configuration Design of Bistatic Sonar System

作　　者：马雪飞 宋清华 姚吉 陶鹏 胡鹏鹏 周游[7] MA Xuefei;SONG Qinghua;YAO Ji;TAO Peng;HU Pengpeng;ZHOU You(School of Information and Communication Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150001,China;Joint Laboratory for Underwater Acoustic Cross-Domain Applications,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150001,China;Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan,Hubei 430205,China;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150001,China;China Shipbuilding Research and Design Center,Wuhan,Hubei 430064,China;Sichuan Jiuzhou Electrical Appliance Group Co.,Ltd,Mianyang,Sichuan 610041,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150006,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学信息与通信工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]水声跨域应用联合实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]武汉第二船舶设计研究所,湖北武汉430205 [4]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [5]中国舰船研究设计中心,湖北武汉430064 [6]四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司,四川绵阳610041 [7]哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《信号处理》2023年第10期1805-1818,共14页Journal of Signal Processing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0136800);国家自然科学基金(62201170);西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202101ZY0001F);2022年中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZY2022B-HRB-06);2023年度新一轮黑龙江省“双一流”学科协同创新成果项目(LJGXCG2023-066);先进半导体光电器件与系统集成山西省重点实验室(2023SZKF19);中国船舶工业系统工程研究院项目(MC00918);中国舰船研究设计中心海洋防务创新基金(JJ-2020-701-08);自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室开放基金(MESTA-2022-A006);2023年度新一轮黑龙江省“双一流”学科协同创新成果项目:分布式农渔大数据智能处理平台构建与产业化(2023);武汉第二船舶设计研究所海洋防务创新基金:基于分布式MIMO的水下目标探测技术研究(2023)。

摘　　要：利用双基地声呐系统定位目标时,系统不同的布阵方式与布放结构会引起定位性能的显著差异,如何设计双基地系统的阵位结构来提高定位精度至关重要。针对这个问题,本文基于到达时间主动定位方法推导了误差估计的双基地声呐克拉美罗界,并以最高定位精度为优化目标,研究了双基地声呐系统的空间阵位设计问题。其中,规范了系统测时误差服从零均值高斯白噪声假设的适用场景为合作定位场景,并针对非合作目标定位场景,推导了系统测时误差随着距离变化的数学表达式,从而修正了双基地声呐的克拉美罗界。不仅如此,还探究了系统测时误差、声速波动等干扰因子对目标定位精度的影响。最后仿真结果表明,未修正的双基地声呐最优阵位结构对应分置角为101.5°;而修正后的双基地最优阵位结构与系统配置有关。随着系统配置比的不断增大,双基地最优分置角会趋向于90°。该研究可以为双/多基地声呐系统的最优化配置提供布阵参考方案。When using the bistatic sonar system to locate targets,different configuration patterns and structures can cause significant differences in positioning performance,so it is crucial to optimize the design of the configuration structure of the bistatic sonar system.To solve this problem,the article derives the error estimation of the Cramér-Rao bound(CRB)for bistatic sonar based on active Time-only Localization(TOL)method,and researches the opti-mal spatial configuration design problem of bistatic sonar systems with the highest positioning accuracy as the optimi-zation objective.Among them,it is standardized that the applicable scenario where the system timing error obeying the zero-mean Gaussian white noise is the cooperative location scenario.For the non-cooperative location scenario,the mathematical expression of the system timing error varying with the target distance is derived.Therefore,correct-ing the Cramér-Rao lower bound(CRLB)of the bistatic sonar.Besides,the focus was on exploring the impact of fac-tors such as system timing errors and sound velocity fluctuations on target positioning accuracy.Finally,simulation results show that optimal configuration of uncorrected bistatic sonar is at the separation angle of value in 101.5°.But the corrected bistatic optimal configuration is related to system configuration.With the increase of the system configu-ration ratio,the bistatic optimal separation angle will get closer and closer to 90°.And this research can provide array reference for optimal configuration of the bistatic/multistatic sonar system.

关 键 词：双基地声呐 到达时间定位 克拉美罗下界 布阵优化 

分 类 号：TN911[电子电信—通信与信息系统]