流动社会“代耕群体”的社会融入——兼评阳江苗族代耕农案例研究的现实与理论价值  

Social Integration of the“Substitute Farming Group”in a Mobile Society:A Review of the Practical and Theoretical Value of the Case Study of Miao Substitute Farmers in Yangjiang

作　　者：麻国庆[1] MA Guo-qing

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中南民族大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第10期86-91,184,共7页Journal of South-Central Minzu University (Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在各民族的迁徙流动过程中,形成了各民族相互嵌入式的社会结构和社区环境,这为中华民族共同体建设奠定了重要的社会基础。传统乡村社会的人口迁徙依附在土地之上,并以获取土地这一重要生产资料为主要目的。改革开放以来,发生在乡村之间的人口迁徙被由乡村到城市的“主流”迁徙模式所遮蔽。乡村之间的人口迁徙现象,是一种“离乡不离土”的社会样态,“以土为生”的农业社会的生产方式依然是主流,即没有离开土的范畴。20世纪八九十年代,珠三角地区出现了相当数量的代耕农群体,这种典型的迁徙模式在移民研究中具有重要学术价值。《苗族代耕农的文化适应与社会融入研究》一书以阳江苗族代耕农为案例,探讨当前乡村外来移民群体的文化适应与社会融入问题。其核心观点认为,在当前的城镇化进程中,村落社区的边界日益开放,乡村社会的土地和房屋大量向外流转,进而为外来移民群体定居异乡提供了机会。苗族代耕农群体在异乡定居的过程中,重新建构自身的生存空间与社会网络,在一定意义上实现了与当地社会的“社会融入”。During the migration and mobility of various ethnic groups,a mutually embedded social structure and community environment have been formed,laying an important social foundation for the construction of the community of Chinese nation.The population migration in traditional rural society relies on land and is mainly aimed at obtaining land as the main means of production.Since the reform and opening up,population migration between rural areas has been overshadowed by the“mainstream”migration from rural to urban areas.The phenomenon of population migration between rural areas is a social phenomenon of“leaving one’s hometown without leaving the soil”,and the production mode of the“land based”agricultural society is still the mainstream.In the 1980s and 1990s,a considerable number of substitute farmers emerged in the Pearl River Delta region,and this typical migration model has important academic value in immigration research.The book“Cultural Adaptation and Social Integration of Miao Substitute Farmers”,taking Miao substitute farmers as a case study,explores the cultural adaptation and social integration of current rural immigrant groups.The core viewpoint is that in the current urbanization process,the boundaries of village communities are becoming increasingly open,and a large amount of land and houses in rural society are flowing outward,providing opportunities for immigrant groups to settle in foreign lands.In the process of settling down in a foreign land,the Miao ethnic group of substitute farmers reconstructed their own living space and social network,achieving“social integration”with the local society to a certain extent.

关 键 词：代耕农 跨界流动 文化适应 社会融入 

分 类 号：D632.4[政治法律—政治学]