经济文化落后国家现代文明发展的革命辩证法——《给〈祖国纪事〉杂志编辑部的信》与《论我国革命》交相辉映的思想光芒  

Revolutionary Dialectics of Modern Civilization Development in Economically and Culturally Backward Countries:The Letter to Otechestvenniye Zapiski and On Our Revolution Enhance Each Other's Brilliance

作　　者：孙来斌 Sun Laibin

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2023年第9期64-73,共10页Studies on Marxist Theory

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重大项目“习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想对丰富和发展马克思主义作出的原创性贡献研究”(22LLMLA006)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对于经济文化落后的东方国家而言,是否唯有步西方国家的后尘才能走上现代文明之路?马克思基于对俄国问题的长期研究,在《给〈祖国纪事〉杂志编辑部的信》中给出了自己的答案,强调不能将西欧社会发展道路泛化为人类社会发展的一般道路。列宁积极探索帝国主义条件下经济文化落后国家的文明发展出路,晚年在《论我国革命》中驳斥了关于十月革命违背世界文明发展规律的攻讦。两篇文献一脉相承、交相辉映,反对了将西方现代文明发展道路普适化,肯定了俄国现代文明道路的特殊性,辨析了生产力因素的决定作用。其中闪耀的革命辩证法思想光辉,对于深入认识现代文明发展道路的普遍性与特殊性、非西方文明发展道路的可能性与现实性,深刻领会中国式现代化的丰富内涵,具有重要启示意义。For Eastern countries with backward economy and culture,is it only possible to follow Western countries to embark on the modern civilization path?Based on a long study of Russian questions,Marx gave his answer that the road of social development in Western Europe could not be generalized to the universal road of human social development in The Letter to Otechestvenniye Zapiski.Lenin actively explored ways for civilization development in economically and culturally backward countries under imperialist conditions.In his later years,he refuted the criticism that The October Revolution defied the laws of world civilization development in On Our Revolution.The Letter to Otechestvenniye Zapiski and On Our Revolutio were in the same vein and reflect each other's thoughts.The two articles opposed the universal application of the Western model of modern civilization development and affirmed the particularity of the Russian path of modern civilization development.Besides,they dialectically analyzed the decisive role of productivity.The revolutionary dialectics revealed by these two articles is of great significance to deeply understand the universality and particularity of the modern civilization development path,deeply understand the possibility and reality of non-Western civilization development path,and deeply understand the rich connotation of Chinese Modernization.

关 键 词：给《祖国纪事》杂志编辑部的信 论我国革命 经济文化落后国家 现代文明发展道路 革命辩证法 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]